AP Human Geography Flashcards

1620028639	geography	the study of where things are found on earth's surface and the reasons for the locations	0
1620028640	cartography	science of mapmaking	1
1620028641	eratosthenes	(276-195BC) Greek who showed that the Earth was round and calculated the circumference. off by 15%	2
1620028642	ptolemy	Alexandrian astronomer who proposed a geocentric system of astronomy	3
1620028643	Chinese and Islamic	made advancements outside Europe after Ptolemy	4
1620040533	age of exploration	Time period during the 15th and 16th centuries when Europeans searched for new sources of wealth and for easier trade routes to China and India. Resulted in the discovery of North and South America by the Europeans.	5
1620083817	map scale: ratio, written, graphic scale	level of detail and the amount of area covered on the map depend on its map scale, 1:24,000, 1 inch equals one mile, consists of a bar line	6
1620083818	projection	scientific method of transferring locations on earth's surface on to a flat map	7
1620083819	four types of distoration	1.shape of an area 2. distance between points may become increased or decreased 3. relative size of different areas can be altered 4. direction between points can be distorted	8
1620083820	longitude	Distance east or west of the prime meridian, measured in degrees	9
1620083821	latitude	Distance north or south of the equator	10
1620083822	minutes/seconds	in order to be more precise, degrees are broken down into ____ and ________.	11
1620083823	time zones	24 hour zones that 1,000 miles apart from the other, each one is an hour before or after the one next to it, helps to differentiate between the differnt times from one point on the Earth to another point.	12
1620083824	Greenwich mean time	The time in that time zone ecompassing the Prime Meridian, or 0 degrees longitude	13
1620133521	international date line	A theoretical line following approximately the 180th meridian, the regions to the east of which are counted as being one day earlier in their calendar dates than the regions to the west.	14
1620133522	remote sensing	The acquisition of data about Earth's surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or other long-distance methods.	15
1620133523	GPS	A system that determines the precise position of something on Earth through a series of satellites, tracking stations, and receivers.	16
1620133524	GIS	a computer system that captures, stores, queries, analyzes, and displays geographic data	17
1620133525	location	A specific place on the Earth	18
1620133526	toponym	the name given to a place on earth	19
1620133527	site	the physical character of a place	20
1620133528	situation	the location of a place relative to other places	21
1620133529	region	An area distinguished by a unique combination of trends or features.	22
1620133530	cultural landscape	A combination of cultural features such as language and religion, economic features such as agriculture and industry, and physical features such as climate and vegetation.	23
1620133531	formal region (uniform or homogeneous)	An area in which everyone shares in one or more distinctive characteristics.	24
1620133532	functional region (nodal)	an area organized around a node or focal point.	25
1620133533	vernacular region	A place that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity.	26
1620268108	culture	Beliefs, customs, and traditions of a specific group of people.	27
1620268109	scale	Generally, the relationship between the portion of Earth being studied and Earth as a whole	28
1620268110	globalization	Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope	29
1620268111	transnational corporations	A company that conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters or shareholders are located.	30
1620268112	global landscapes	Increasingly uniform cultural preferences produce uniform ______ __________	31
1620268113	density distribution	Frequency with which something occurs in space.	32
1620268114	concentration distribution	Extent of a feature's spread over space.	33
1620268115	pattern distribution	refers to the geometrical arrangement of objects within an area	34
1620268116	behavioral geography	is a branch of human geo. that attempts to understand the phychological basis for individual human actions	35
1620268117	humanistic geography	theoretical approach to human geography that concentrates on the conscious, creative and meaningful activities and experiences of human beings	36
1620268118	poststructuralist georgraphy	Emphasizes the need to understand multiple perspectives regarding space.	37
1620268119	relocation diffusion	The spread of a feature or trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another.	38
1620268120	expansion diffusion	The spread of a feature or trend among people from one area to another in a snowballing process.	39
1620268121	stimulus diffusion	The spread of an underlying principle, even though a specific characteristic is rejected.	40
1620268122	hierarchical diffusion	spread of an idea from persons or nodes of authority or power to other persons or places	41
1620268123	contagious diffusion	The rapid, widespread diffusion of a feature or trend throughout a population.	42
1620268124	distance decay	trailing off phenomenon of diminishing contact with the increase in distance	43
1620268125	core	america, western Europe, Japan	44
1620268126	periphery	africa, asia, america	45
1620268127	sustainability	The organizing principle for sustainability is sustainable development, which includes the 3 interconnected domains: environment, economy, society	46
1620268128	environment pillar	sustainable development can only exist if conservation is embraced more fully than wasting resources or preservation of all resources	47
1620268129	economy pillar	efforts to set prices of commodities and goods based not only on supply and demand but also on costs to the environment	48
1620268130	society pillar	modifying the wants of cultures in regards to shelter food and clothing to objects that are susainable	49
1620268131	atomsphere	contains pollutants, humans have trouble breathing	50
1620268132	hydrosphere	without water humans would die	51
1620268133	lithosphere	earth's crust and layer just below the crust	52
1620268134	biosphere	All life forms on Earth	53