Elementary Statistics Final Study Guide Flashcards
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| 2455044514 | Statistics | is the STUDY of procedures for collecting, describing, and drawing conclusions from information. | 0 | |
| 2455047346 | A population | is the ENTIRE collection of individuals about which information is sought | 1 | |
| 2455048993 | A sample | is a SUBSET of a population, containing the individuals that are actually observed. | 2 | |
| 2455055902 | A simple random sample | of size n is a sample chosen by a method in which each collection of n population items is EQUALLY LIKELY to comprise the sample. EX. the Lottery | 3 | |
| 2455061969 | A sample of convenience | is a sample that is NOT DRAWN by a well-defined random method | 4 | |
| 2455070496 | stratified random sampling | the population is divided up into groups, called strata, then a simple random sample is drawn from each stratum. EX. 100 people, Age 60 or above, from the surrounding counties | 5 | |
| 2455076473 | cluster sampling | items are drawn from the population in groups, or clusters. EX.To estimate the unemployment rate, a government agency draws a simple random sample of households in a county. Someone visits EACH household and asks how many adults live in the household, and how many of them are unemployed. | 6 | |
| 2455087539 | systematic sampling | items are ordered and every kth item is chosen to be included in the sample EX: assembly line-every 3rd car, sobriety check every 5th car | 7 | |
| 2455130201 | Qualitative variables | classify individuals into categories. Ex. Person's gender, Color of a car | 8 | |
| 2455140670 | Qualitative variables can be further divided | into nominal variables and ordinal variables. | 9 | |
| 2455142708 | Nominal variables | have no natural ordering EX: States of Residents and Gender | 10 | |
| 2455143973 | Ordinal variables | have a natural ordering Ex. Letter Grades-A,B,C,D and Sizes- Small, Medium, Larger | 11 | |
| 2455156415 | Variables are non-numerical variables | Qualitative | 12 | |
| 2455159319 | Variables that have numerical variables | Quantitative | 13 | |
| 2455161908 | Quantitative variables can be further divided | into discrete variables and continuous variable | 14 | |
| 2455164378 | Discrete variables | are quantitative variables whose possible values can be listed EX:A person's age at his or her last birthday The number of siblings a person has | 15 | |
| 2455165635 | Continuous variables | are quantitative variables that can take on any value in some interval EX: A person's height The distance a person commutes to work | 16 | |
| 2455276786 | Examples of Discrete, Continuous, Nominal and Ordinal | 1. Categories: Strongly agree, Strongly disagree= Ordinal 2. Amount of Caffeine in Coffee= Continuous 3. # of steps in apt. building= Discrete 4. Names of the Counties= Nominal | 17 | |
| 2455251283 | frequency | the number of items that are in a particular category | 18 | |
| 2455258652 | Frequency distribution | is a table that presents the frequency for each category. | 19 | |
| 2455261218 | Relative frequency | the proportion of observations in a category. It is a table that presents the relative frequency for each category. Formula = |  | 20 |
| 2455332293 | Relative Frequency Table |  | 21 | |
| 2455338273 | Pareto Chart | the categories are presented in order of frequency, with the largest frequency on the left and the smallest frequency on the right | 22 | |
| 2455347897 | Pareto chart with Frequencies and RF |  | 23 | |
| 2525831140 | cumulative frequency | Ogives plot valves. The class is the sum of the frequencies of that class and all previous classes. | 24 | |
| 2525835461 | Ogive | is constructed by plotting a point for each class. X coordinate is the upper class limit and the Y coordinate is the cumulative frequency. | 25 | |
| 2525898235 | Ogive Chart with graph |  | 26 | |
| 2525901424 | Ogive Chart with graph with Relative Frequency Ogives |  | 27 | |
| 2525847417 | Frequency Polygon | is constructed by plotting a point for each class. X coordinate of the point is the class midpoint and the Y coordinate is the frequency. Then, all points are connected with straight lines. | 28 | |
| 2526115406 | A frequency polygon is graphed using | frequencies and relative frequencies | 29 | |
| 2526121174 | Frequency polygon is graphed by the | class midpoints | 30 | |
| 2526146198 | Class midpoints | average of the lower class limit and the lower class limit of the next class | 31 | |
| 2525861734 | Frequency Polygon |  | 32 | |
| 2525874223 | Relative Frequency Polygon | is constructed the same way except that the frequencies are replaced by relative frequencies. | 33 | |
| 2525881159 | Relative Frequency Polygon |  | 34 | |
| 2525911963 | A statistic | is a number that describes a sample. 500 voters, 68% describes a sample of the voters | 35 | |
| 2525955812 | A parameter | is a number that describes a population. 53% of voters in favor of the new bill. Describes a population. | 36 | |
| 2525987327 | Stem-and-leaf plots | are a simple way to display small data sets. When listing only list the number once. | 37 | |
| 2526006003 | Stem-and-leaf plots with a decimal and without |  | 38 | |
| 2526013529 | stem and leaf plots in a chart format |  | 39 | |
| 2526056394 | Comparing two stem and leaf data charts |  | 40 | |
| 2530557207 | A histogram is skewed to the LEFT | if its LEFT tail is LONGER than its RIGHT tail | 41 | |
| 2530560156 | A histogram is skewed to the RIGHT | if its RIGHT tail is LONGER than its LEFT tail | 42 | |
| 2530573228 | With data containing decimal places, when you need to construct a stem and left plot, How should the data be rounded | One Decimal Place | 43 | |
| 2530574976 | SEED | place the seed on screen, then STO>MATH> PROB> 1 rand> ENTER>MATH> PROB>5-randint>enter data. | 44 |