Hist 1302 Exam 3 Review Flashcards

1366542601	Hoover-Stimson Doctrine	- "The US won't recognize any nation created by force"	0
1366542602	Ludlow Agreement	high point of isolationist sentiment; failed; would require referendum for war	1
1366542603	Destroyers for Bases Deal	US traded 50 destroyers for leases on British property in Western Hemisphere	2
1366542604	Lend-Lease	FDR used a "garden hose analogy" to gain support for this measure (HR1776)	3
1366542605	Reciprocal Trade Agreement	allowed FDR to lower tariffs for nations lowering tariffs on US goods	4
1366542606	Quarantine Speech	FDR's gauge of public opinion for American interventionism; must proceed slowly	5
1366542607	Good Neighbor Policy	new direction in US/Latin America relations set aside Roosevelt Corollary	6
1366542608	Declaration of Panama	created a safety belt around N. and S. America with naval patrols	7
1366542609	Atlantic Charter	secret pre-war document expressing US war aims; later UN Charter	8
1366542610	Munich Agreement	British/French agreement to appease Hitler (Czechoslovakia)	9
1366542611	Manhattan Project	secret scientific project to create Atomic bomb during WWII	10
1366542612	Smoot-Hawley Tariff	raised the highest trade barriers in its history; did not protect American business as designed, but further plunged the world into an economic depression	11
1366542613	USS Panay	attacked US gunboat on China's Yangtze River, killing 2 US citizens.	12
1366542614	Johnson Act (Debt Default)	prohibited loaning money to any nation defaulting on its WW1 debt	13
1366542615	Tydings-McDuffie Act	independence for the Philippines in 10yrs	14
1366542616	National Origins Act 1924	imposed a quota system on immigration	15
1366542617	Social Security Act	began to plan for retirement for working Americans by deducting for pay	16
1366542618	National Labor Relation Act	created NLRB to protect worker benefits	17
1366542619	Norris-LaGuardia Act	Hoover labor bill to protect worker benefits in a depressed market	18
1366542620	Fourth Neutrality Act	allowed munitions sales on cash and carry basis	19
1366542621	Burke-Wadsworth Act	1st peacetime draft in US history; after Fall of France in June 1940	20
1366542622	Kellogg-Briand Pact 1928	AKA Pact of Paris; outlawed war but was unenforceable originally between France and US	21
1366542623	Hoare-Laval Pact	GB/FR allowed Mussolini to keep part of Ethiopia, just to keep him happy	22
1366542624	Four Power Treaty	Fr/GB/US/Jap agreed to respect each other's Pacific possessions	23
1366542625	Five Power Treaty	limited the growth of the world's greatest navies, but favored US/GB	24
1366542626	Nine Power Treaty	officially recognized the Open Door Policy as best for China	25
1366542627	Anti-Comintern Pact	It/Ger/Jap agreed to have nothing to do with a communist nation	26
1366542628	Tripartite Pact	warning to US to stay out of Europe or risk war with Axis Powers	27
1366542629	McNary-Haugen Bill	attempted to support farmers with cheap loans against their produce until the world market increased	28
1366542630	Judiciary Reorganization Bill	FDR's attempt to pact the Supreme Court with "yes" men; split the dems	29
1366542631	Bonus Bill	WW1 vets receive a bonus for WW1 duty paid in 20 years	30
1366542632	Patman Bonus Bill	attempt to pay the bonus bill early in 1932 as the Depression worsened; failed	31
1366542633	AAA	made benefit payments to farmers to limit production	32
1366542634	TVA	provided electricity at cost in competition with private power companies	33
1366542635	CCC	put males 18-30 back to work, promoting reforestation and flood control	34
1366542636	CWA	provided temporary relief through winter of 1933-34	35
1366542637	REA	provided electrical service to rural areas	36
1366542638	RA	relocated unproductive farms and inner city high unemployment areas	37
1366542639	NIRA (NRA)	business volunteered to practice fair standards and recognize labor unions; "We Do Our Part" and blue eagle	38
1366542640	SEC	all bonds and stocks must be registered with this regulatory agency; Joseph P. Kennedy	39
1366542641	FCC	monitored radio broadcasts and later T.V. broadcasts	40
1366542642	WPA	most detailed attempt at indirect relief under Second New Deal; created temporary jobs	41
1366542643	PWA	provided construction jobs until the private sector was running again	42
1366542644	RFC	provided indirect relief under Hoover; loaned money at cheap interest rates to large businesses	43
1366542645	FERA	provided direct relief to Americans in the initial phase of the New Deal; Harry Hopkins	44
1366542646	NYA	provided temporary summer jobs for young people until the private sector could return employment	45
1366542647	FDIC	insurance for banks; insured accounts up to $2500	46
1366542648	Schechter Poultry vs. US	struck down parts of NIRA, wage, and hour laws	47
1366542649	Butler vs. US	overturned the processor's tax which stopped the AAA	48
1366542650	Korematsu vs. US	justified restrictions on a particular ethnic group w/o due process of law	49
1366542651	Hirabayashi v. US	justified putting Japanese Americans in internment camps in war time	50
1366542652	Ex Parte Endo	limited the restrictions of Japanese Americans f individuals were loyal w/o doubt	51
1366542653	Big Three	GB/US/USSR-Churchill/FDR/Stalin-Allied Nations-Grand Alliance	52
1366542654	Fireside chats	FDR's radio announcements to calm the nation	53
1366542655	Day of Infamy	Dec 7 1941, Pearl Harbor Attack	54
1366542656	"Noble experiment"	prohibition	55
1366542657	Vichy Government	pro-Nazi government established by Germany after Fall of France	56
1366542658	Operation Overlord	2nd front; D-Day invasion; third major offensive drive	57
1366542659	Operation Torch	British/ American invasion of N. Africa to push Rommel out	58
1366542660	Battle of Stalingrad	turning point of European Theater	59
1366542661	Battle of Coral Sea and Midway Islands	turning point of Pacific Theater	60
1366542662	20th Amendment	"Lame Duck", shortened the time between election and inauguration, Jan 20th	61
1366542663	21st Amendment	ended prohibition negated 18th Amendment	62
1366542664	H.R. 1776	lend-lease	63
1366542665	Nagasaki/ Hiroshima	the cities on which the US dropped Atomic bombs	64
1366542666	Yalta Conference	high point of Allied cooperation	65
1366542667	Potsdam Conference	atomic bomb being given to main allies, under Truman	66
1366542668	Atlantic Conference	US and GB discuss common goals of their countries	67
1366542669	Declaration of Eastern Europe	FDR, Stalin and Churchill agreed secretly that USSR would enter the war against Japan because of the Allied planned invasion of Japan's Islands Fall 1945.	68
1366542670	Declaration of Potsdam	Called upon Japan to surrender unconditionally or face "prompt destruction" by a new weapon	69
1366542671	Aimee Semple Mcpherson	used new media to promote her 4 Square Gospel	70
1366542672	Jeannette Rankin	only member of House of Representatives to vote no to war with Japan	71
1366542673	Francis Perkins	1st female Secretary of Labor	72
1366542674	Ruth Bryan Owen	1st female ambassador (Denmark)	73
1366542675	Nellie T. Ross	1st female Director of Mint	74
1366542676	Margret Sanger	New York elitist nurse who fought for legalized birth control	75
1366542677	Amelia Earhart	1st female to fly solo across the Atlantic	76
1366542678	Clarence Birdseye	inventor of a good-tasting, quick food freezing process	77
1366542679	W. D. Griffith	created the first full length motion picture	78
1366542680	John Nance Garner	former Speaker of the House FDR's VP for 2 terms	79
1366542681	Henry Wallace	Secretary of Agriculture; FDR's P in his 3rd term	80
1366542682	Harry S. Truman	FDR's VP in his 4th term; 22nd president	81
1366542683	Walter Millis	wrote Road to War: America 1913-1917; munitions manufactures manipulated the US into WW1 to make money	82
1366542684	Gerald Nye	Senator investigating the thesis of Mills' book	83
1366542685	Francis Townsend	-advocate of Old-Age Revolving Pension Plan	84
1366542686	Harry Hopkins	FDR's chief administrator of New Deal direct relief agencies	85
1366542687	Huey Long	Share the Wealth Plan: guaranteed homestead and minimum income	86
1366542688	Charles Coughlin	New Deal Critic, not far enough; Jesuit radio priest	87
1366542689	Joseph P. Kennedy	First Director of the Securities and Exchanges Commission	88
1366542690	John Collier	BIA head; ended Dawes Act, Indian lands returned to communal ownership	89
1366542691	Albert Fall	first cabinet member to be imprisoned- Teapot Dome Scandal	90
1366542692	Clarence Darrow	agnostic who served on the ACLU defense team in Scopes Monkey Trial	91
1366542693	William Jennings Brian	fundamentalist lawyer who argued for teaching creationism over evolution	92
1366542694	John T. Scopes	teacher who helped create a national debate over theory of evolution	93
1366542695	Andrew Mellon	Treasurer of 1920s Republican presidents; tax policies created poor distribution of wealth	94
1366542696	Gov. Al Smith	1928 Democratic Presidential nominee hampered by his Catholicism	95
1366542697	Wendell L. Wilkie	politically inexperienced; Rep Candidate for president 1940; lawyer	96
1366542698	Marcus Garvey	Founded UNIA which promoted black pride, nationalism, and separatism	97
1366542699	Haile Selassie	Emperor of Ethiopia; asked the League of Nations for help against aggressive Italy	98
1366542700	Alf Landon	Only Rep Gov re-elected 1934, presidential candidate 1936	99
1366542701	Joseph T. Robinson	ran with Al Smith as his VP in 1928 election	100
1366542702	Charles Lindbergh	chief spokesman for America First Committee	101
1366542703	Dwight D. Eisenhower	Supreme Allied Commander in Europe; American general	102
1366542704	Douglass McArthur	Supreme Allied Commander in Pacific; American general	103
1366542705	Charles De Gaulle	leader of freedom fighters in France after its fall in June 1940	104
1366542706	Jessie Owen	Black American Athlete who embarrassed Hitler in 1936 Olympics	105
1366542707	William Allen White	Chief Lobbyist for increased aid to Allies 1930's (Rep news editor)	106
1366542708	J. Robert Oppenheimer	chief scientist on Manhattan Project	107
1366542709	Neville Chamberlain	British PM who though he achieved "Peace in our time!"	108
1366542710	Thomas E Dewey	mild interventionist NY Gov; Rep presidential candidate 1944	109
1366542711	A Phillip Randolph	labor leader who threatened a strike and mass march if blacks were not protected from job discrimination (Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters)	110
1366542712	John L. Lewis	labor leader; founded Congress of Industrial Organization; former UMW president	111
1366542713	John Maynard Keynes	British economist who advocated deficit spending in times of recession	112
1366542714	Bartolomeo Sacco/Nicola Vanzetti	Italian anarchists convicted of robbery and murder; illustrated fear of immigrates	113
1366542715	David Stephenson	#2 Klansman; convicted of causing the death of a women; brought down the Klan	114
1366542716	Sen. John Rankin	led filibuster against G.I. Bill of Rights	115
1366542717	Clement Atlee	replaced Churchill as PM of GB summer 1945 before the war ended	116
1366542718	Causes of the Great Depression	1. Tax Policies of Andrew Mellon 2. Overproduction of goods 3. Smoot-Hawley Tariff 4. Unwise speculation in the stock market 5. Over expansion of credit 6. Drought in Mississippi Valley Region 7. Unhealthy international Monetary situation	117
1366542719	New Deal Critics- Not Far Enough: Too Far:	Not Far Enough 1. Huey Long 2. Francis Townsend 3. Charles Coughlin Too Far 1. Liberty League 2. Communist Party USA 3. US Supreme Court	118
1366542720	Hindrances to Hoover	1. Extremely conservative Republican Congress 2. Overconfidence in business	119
1366542721	Big Three	1. Stalin 2. FDR 3. Churchill	120
1366542722	Axis Powers	1. Germany 2. Italy 3. Japan	121
1366542723	Justification for Atomic Bomb	1. Revenge for Pearl Harbor 2. Speed up the end of the War 3. Psychological warning to USSR	122