HIST 1302 Test #2, Ch. 21-24 (CTC) Flashcards

2692425723	Who were the Progressives?	middle class people, some where politically corrupt that thought technology was the solution to societies problems. They wanted to purge Laissez-faire out of the govt. and break up trusts or control them.	0
2692425724	Progressivism	An outworn philosophy of hands off individualism seemed increasingly out of place in the modern machine age. Society could no longer afford the luxury of the limitless laissez-faire policy.	1
2692425725	Muckrakers	reporters that exploit and sometimes exaggerate their reports	2
2692425726	Ida M. Tarbell	A pioneering journalist, published a devastating expose on the corruption within Standard Oil Company.	3
2692425727	Lincoln Steffens	New York reporter that launched a series of articles in 1902 in McLures Titled "The Shame of the Cities. Exposed the corrupt alliance between big businesses and the govt.	4
2692425728	The Ashcan School	A group of artists that saw themselves as Progressives and rebels who tried to tell the truth about the city.	5
2692425729	Progressive mind contradictions	Northern Progressives stressed individual freedom, must protect the weak...Southern progressives supported segregation, anti immigrant, strongly supported the prohibition.	6
2692425730	Radical Progressives	Karl Marx, Eugene V. Debs, Sigmund Freud	7
2692425731	City managers	hired experts that ran the city's various departments.	8
2692425732	Wisconsin Idea	Robert M. Follette-Honest Govt., Established primary system, involved top experts, used special commission to deal with issues.	9
2692425733	Direct primaries	Choosing candidates for president.	10
2692425734	Initiatives	The people write the proposed law.	11
2692425735	Recalls	When a governor is switched out for one that can do a better job.	12
2692425736	Referendums	Where the people vote directly on a proposed law.	13
2692425737	Lochner v. New York, 1905	Bakers, Maximum ten hour day.	14
2692425738	Muller v. Oregon, 1908	Women, Laundry workers, Maximum ten hour work day.	15
2692425739	Brandies Brief	Empirical evidence, based on observation and experience rather than theory or scientific fact.	16
2692425740	Adkins v. Children's Hospital, 1923	Women where equal to men and could no longer be protected by special legislation.	17
2692425741	"Bitter Cry of the Children" by John Spargo, 1906	His book described the thousands of 9-10 year old boys picking slag out of coal.	18
2692425742	Triangle Shirtwaist factory fire, 1911	146, mostly immigrant women, died making it the largest industrial disaster in the history of New York City.	19
2692425743	Women's Suffrage Movement	Challenged corruption, child labor, and abusive work conditions in factories and businesses.	20
2692425744	Major obstacles for The Woman Suffrage movement	Victorian morals and inhibitions.	21
2692425745	WWI's impact on the suffrage movement	The Great War exposed Wilsons hypocrisy.	22
2692425746	19th Amendment	Passed in 1920, approved by ¾ of the states. Gave women the right to vote; all women efforts lead to this.	23
2692425747	16th Amendment, 1913	Authorized federal income tax.	24
2692425748	17th Amendments, 1913	The direct election of senators.	25
2692425749	TR the Trustbuster	Keep the good monopolies, kill the bad ones.	26
2692425750	Northern Securities decision	1904, the Supreme court upheld Roosevelt's antitrust suit and ordered the Northern Securities Company dissolved.	27
2692425751	Square Deal	Miners got a 10% wage, 9 hour work day...Mine owners did not have to recognize the union, price of coal was raised to compensate for the increase wage cost.	28
2692425752	Hepburn Act, 1906	Set maximum rate, inspected the books of RRs, control other transportation companies.	29
2692425753	United Mineworker's strike, 1902	Higher wages, 8 hour work day and recognition of the union.	30
2692425754	How progressive was Taft?	He supported many progressive measures but he never absorbed the progressive spirit.	31
2692425755	Bull Moose Party	Political party that TR started to run for president.	32
2692425756	New Freedom	Triple Wall of Privilege; Stronger anti trust legislation, banking reform, tariff reduction.	33
2692425757	Underwood Tariff Act, 1913	Substacially reduced import taxes.	34
2692425758	Federal Reserve Act, 1913	Created a nationwide system of twelve regional reserve districts, each with its own central bank, all controlled by the federal reserve board.	35
2692425759	Clayton Anti Trust Act, 1914	Further strengthened monopoly laws, controlled merging of two competing companies, prohibited pricing discrimination.	36
2692425760	Limits to Wilson's Progressivism	against women right to vote, did not support African American civil rights, did nothing to prevent child labor.	37
2692425761	Niagara Movement 1905	political, social and economic equality.	38
2692425763	National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, (NAACP), 1909	dedicated to the eradication of racial discrimination.	39
2692425764	Talented Tenth	only the top ten percent of blacks should be the true leaders of the black race.	40
2692425765	Imperialism	a nations policy of occupying and governing foreign lands.	41
2692425766	John Fiske	Superiority of American democracy, spread democracy through out the world.	42
2692425767	Josiah Strong	Spread Christianity	43
2692425768	Anglo-Saxonism	belief in the superiority of the anglo saxon race.	44
2692425769	"Influence of Sea Power Upon History"	by Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan, 1890	45
2692425770	McKinley Tariff, 1890	ended tariff exemption status for Hawaiian sugar in the U.S.	46
2692425771	Queen Liliuokalani/Hawaii for the Hawaiians movement	Limit power from outside sources.	47
2692425772	Cuban Revolution's Impact on America	American public sympathetically supported the Cuban guerilla fighters fighting for freedom.	48
2692425773	Yellow journalism	Newspaper stories that are not necessarily true to make the stories seem more appealing to the public. Used to increase paper circulation prior to the Spanish-American war by exaggerating misdeeds of Spain prior to the war.	49
2692425774	Sinking of the USS Maine, 1898	266 out of 354 crew where killed on accident by an internal explosion.	50
2692425775	Spanish Minister Dupuy de Lome's letter, 1898	described the president as a "small time politician" and a "bidder for the admiration of the crowd.	51
2692425776	McKinley's Humanitarian Effort	his reason to justify America entering the Spanish/Cuban war.	52
2692425777	Teller Amendment	proclaimed to the world that when the US had overthrown the Spanish it would give the Cubans their freedom.	53
2692425778	TR's Rough Riders	all volunteer Cavalry Regiment	54
2692425779	Treaty of Paris, 1899	all rights to Cuba, Guam and PR, 20 million to the Philippines.	55
2701253487	McKinley's Dilemma over the Philippine Islands	He felt that the Filipino people were unfit to govern them selves if granted independence.	56
2701253488	Philippine insurrection, 1899~1902	Filipino nationals waged a guerrilla war against the Americans which lasted for three years.	57
2701253489	Platt Amendment	allows US to interfere in Cuban affairs for the preservation of Cuban independence.	58
2701253490	McKinley's Whiteman's Burden	to take care of all the "inferior" islands because they where not fit to govern them selves.	59
2701253491	TR's Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine	Us reserves the right to step into the affairs of any Latin American country to ensure that the Europeans did not when they defaulted on their loans.	60
2701253492	China's Open Door Policy, 1899	written by Secretary of State John Hayes, where free trade was promoted.	61
2701253493	Portsmouth Peace Treaty, 1905	ended the Russo~Japanese war.	62
2701253494	TR's Gentlemen's Agreement	Agreement between Japan and California schools, where Japan stopped sending immigrants and California reintegrated Japanese in their schools.	63
2701253495	Great White Fleet	16 US battle ships sent around the world to show Americas military might.	64
2701253496	The Panama Canal	treaty signed in 1903 between US and Colombia, where the US would pay Colombia $10 mil and $250,000 a year for the canal.	65
2701253497	President Taft's Dollar Diplomacy	By establishing economic treaties with Latin American countries, America could influence foreign governments without actually controlling them.	66
2701253498	Wilsonianism	Wilson believed America was different from all other countries, and that it had a duty to avoid isolationism, to spread democracy and capitalism around the world.	67
2701253499	Assassination of Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand, 1914	was assassinated with his wife by Gavrilo Princip in their open touring car while visiting their newly acquired Bosnia territory.	68
2701253500	Failure of the Schlieffen Plan	troops that where intended to take Paris, where sent to fight the Russians that moved faster than anticipated. Missed Paris by 30 miles.	69
2701253501	Trench warfare	happened because of the failure of the Schilieffen Plan.	70
2701253502	Sinking of the Lusitania	1915, Germans sunk the passenger liner killing 1,200 passengers.	71
2702685942	Elimination of yellow fever	sprayed crude oil in ditches and drains.	72
2702685943	Sussex Pledge	Germany agreed to Wilsons demands and promised to stop sinking merchant ships with out warning.	73
2702685944	Wilsons campaign slogan	"He kept us out of the war."	74
2702685945	Farm Loan Act	1916, provided low cost loans based on agricultural credit.	75
2702685946	Adamson Act	1916, established an 8 hour day for rail road workers.	76
2702685947	Keating~Owen Child labor Act	1916-barred goods from interstate commerce manufactured by children under 16.	77
2702685948	Workingmen's Compensation Act	1916-Workers compensation for federal employees.	78
2702685949	Wilson's "Peace Without Victory" speech, 1917	was not taken in well by the allies.	79
2702685950	Bolshevik Revolution	workers rise up in the winter and over throw Czar Nicolas II and murder him and his family, Vladimir Lenin established a communist govt. in Nov 1917.	80
2702685951	Peace Treaty of Brest Litovsk	1918, peace treaty that ended the war between Russia and Germany.	81
2702685952	War Industries Board, (WIB)	1917, its job was to coordinate and manage the needs of the federal government with private companies.	82
2702685953	Hooverization	The food administration encouraged families to "hooverize by serving just enough", having wheatless Mondays, meatless Tuesdays and porkless Thursdays.	83
2702685954	Liberty Bonds	The government borrowed 20 billion from the American people by selling Liberty and Victory Bonds.	84
2702685955	George Creel propaganda	organization that recruited advertising executives, commercial artists, 75,000 public speakers and motion picture companies to help sway public opinion in favor of the war.	85
2702831716	Espionage Act	1917, made it illegal to aid the enemy or obstruct military recruitment, authorized the postmaster general to mail seemed treasonable.	86
2702831717	Sedition Act	1918, Illegal to say, print or publish anything disloyal about the government.	87
2702831718	Eugene V. Debs	was convicted under the Sedition act for a speech in Canton, Ohio urging resistance to the military draft.	88
2702831719	Schenck v. U.S.	Even thought Americans have the freedom of speech, that right can be curbed when it presents a "clear and present danger specially when a nation is at war".	89
2702831720	Advance reforms	Progressives where all on board to get ready for the war.	90
2702831721	Women in Wartime	served all the non combat roles to free up men for the war, over 11,000 women served in the navy in clerical duties.	91
2702831722	369th Infantry Harlem Hell Fighters	where awarded the French Medal Croix de Guerre for bravery in combat.	92
2702831723	America's Doughboys	where called that because they where naïve and full of energy.	93
2702831724	General "Blackjack" Pershing	Fight along side but NOT for the allies.	94
2702831725	2nd Battle of the Marne	1918, Germanys last big push which gets them with in 30 miles from Paris.	95
2702831726	Battle of Chateau Thierry	where the Americans stopped the Germans from entering paris.	96
2702831727	Battle of Argonne Forest	1918~1919, over 120,000 casualties, 1.2 million Americans fought the Germans in the thick Argonne forest, lasted over a month.	97
2702831728	11th hour, 11th day, 11th month, 1918	the day that Germany and America end the fighting.	98
2702831729	Wilson's 14 Points	was Wilsons blue print for world peace.	99
2702930299	Treaty of Versailles	1919, called for Germany be stripped of all it forces, pay 33 billion in reparations to the allies, Germany acknowledges guilt, but America never approves it.	100
2702930300	Irreconcilables	Sixteen senators that refused to support any type of League of Nations.	101
2702930301	Effects of the War on Europe	the end of Empires and European monarchies, formation of new countries, the dead.	102
2702930302	Effects of the War on America	Inflation, strikes, race riots, red scare, end of progressivism.	103
2702930303	A. Mitchell Palmer	Created the FBI	104
2702930304	Normalcy	end of progressivism	105
2702930305	National Origins Act	emergency act passed in 1924 establishing a quota system.	106
2702930306	Census of 1920~Rural vs. Urban America	over 16 million lived in small towns and villages of less than 2,500.	107
2705634247	Love and marriage	Married later in life, more for love than social or economic advantages.	108
2705634248	Modern look	cosmetic corporations were advertising to a mass market introducing new products.	109
2705634249	Margaret Sanger	Founded the American Birth Control League in 1921, viewed as a radical for distributing birth control literature.	110
2705634250	Flappers	young, dramatic, stylish, unconventional women; working women.	111
2705634251	Great Train Robbery	first film with a story plot.	112
2705634252	Vamps	silent film female stars with heavy eye make up that preyed on men.	113
2705634253	Charles Chaplin	greatest silent film star.	114
2705634254	Fundamentalism	Was an attitude of the mind, profoundly, conservative, rather than a religious idea.	115
2705634255	Scopes Trial	trial exposed the stupidity and the danger of the fundamentalist movement.	116
2705634256	Butler Act	Banned teaching of evolution in public schools.	117
2705634257	18th Amendment	1920, Banned alcohol.	118
2705634258	Volstead Act	passed to provide the federal government the necessary powers and funds for law enforcement.	119
2705634259	Sacco and Vanzetti Trial	1920, two men where convicted of murder for killing a paymaster at a shoe factory, electrocuted in 1927.	120
2705634260	Literary Trends	all focused on the disillusionment of many writers.	121
2705634261	Poets and authors of 1920s	Edna St. Vincent Millay, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Earnest Hemingway, Edith Wharton	122
2705634262	Marcus Garvey	Radical racist who believed that blacks should go back to Africa; established a corps of Black Cross Nurses.	123
2705634263	Henry Ford	designed the assembly line and the "Model T" Ford.	124
2705655743	Bruce Barton	consumerism equaled religion; Prominent New York advertiser, wrote "The Man Nobody Knows", 1925	125
2705655744	Bessie Coleman	first black woman to earn a pilots licsense, provided the foundation for the Tuskegee institute.	126
2706746956	Describe the multiple factors, which influenced America to adopt an imperialist foreign policy.	America needed to "get in the game" and claim land before all the colonies and territories would be taken; Darwinism, America believed it was superior than the rest of the world; Having a powerful navy.	127
2706746957	Get in the game	America had to buy territories before other countries could buy them all.	128
2706746958	Explain the causes of the Great War to include how America became involved.	creation of the German Empire; Alliance System; Naval Arms Race, Germany began to challenge England's historical dominance at sea; Nationalism, economic and imperial rivalries, everybody joining the military; Balkan Crisis, region in SE Europe made up of Serbs, Bosnians, Croats and Slovenes where seeking their independence. The Zimmerman Telegram, sinking of the Lusitinia. Unrestricted submarine warfare.	129
2706746959	Describe in detail the "Era of the Flaming Youth". Why did their image come to represent the new "modern" America?	younger people where attempting to create a way of life free from bondage of an authority that has lost all meaning.	130
2706746960	Charles Lindberg	first man to fly across the Atlantic in a single engine plane	131