Auxin Flashcards
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| 273744455 | Chemical 1AA (A) | -tip of root or shoot control the rate of growth -aromatic ring, a carboxyl group with 1 carbon removed so you have a free ortho position -negative charge on the carboxyl, positive on the ring -cell growth -pH 5.5-nuetral | 0 | |
| 273744456 | Experiment Results (A) | -light dependent -produce in stem -diffusible -polar transport-assymetrical growth | 1 | |
| 273744457 | Synthesis (A) | tryptophan-->indole pyruvic acid----> indole aldehyde---->indole acetic acid | 2 | |
| 273744458 | Transport (A) | 1AAH--->1AA--->diffusion in cytosol/effux as an anion---> plamadesmata--->other cell -apical end--->basal end (shoot apical meristem on down) | 3 | |
| 273744459 | Cell Wall Growth (A) | -acid wall growth: auxin increases H efflux loosen wall and due to turgor extends -auxin stimulates proteins and activate expansins | 4 | |
| 273744460 | Phototrophism (A) | -response due to light -blue light is important due to flavin receptor -unilateral growth bc more growth on dark side which leads to bending | 5 | |
| 273744461 | Gravitropism (A) | -directional growth determined by gravity -percieved in the root tip -amyloplast interacts with ER -high auxins=curving down | 6 | |
| 273744462 | Promotes Rooting (A) | root forms off the stem called advantageous roots | 7 | |
| 273744463 | Apical Dominance (A) | -christmas tree -shoot apical meristem inhibits growth of lateral branches -@ top low cytokinins n high auxin -@ bottom high cytokinins n low auxins | 8 | |
| 273744464 | Regulate Fruit Set (A) | -makes fruits look swollen, plumper n | 9 | |
| 273744465 | Application of Auxin | -weed killers (agent orange) -Tissue culture -Seedless Fruits | 10 | |
| 273744466 | GA chemical Nature | -Diterpenes(19-20 C) -4-5 rings -carboxyl side chain | 11 | |
| 273744467 | GA Discovery | -Fungus infected plants and grew very tall, later isolated | 12 | |
| 273744468 | GA synthesis | -mevalonic acid--->kavernoic acid--->GA12 aldehyde--->all other GA -occurs plastid, ER, cytosol | 13 | |
| 273744469 | Stem Elongation GA | -in dwarf plants -decreases stem thickness | 14 | |
| 273744470 | Bolting in Long Day Plants GA | -some rosesette plants bolt(flower) in longer days -substitute daylength requirement -AMO GA inhibitor | 15 | |
| 273744471 | Increase amylase GA | -increases hydrolysis of starch -provides glucose & sugar that lower water potential and force water intake -provide energy through cell respiration -provide material to build cell walls like auxin -increase cell wall plasticity | 16 | |
| 273744472 | Modification of Juvenility GA | -many prenatal plants do not flower before they reach a certain maturity -GA3 regulates in either direction ie going from maturity to juvenility | 17 | |
| 273744473 | Induction of Males Flowers GA | -Male flower production increases by GA -monoecious & dioecious | 18 | |
| 273744474 | Fruit Set & Growth GA | -delays senescense -improves fruit set & growth | 19 | |
| 273744475 | Seed Germination GA | -water uptake increases GA synthesis -GA stimulate--->mRNA---> amylase production by aluerone -amylase breaks down starch n fuel the growth of embryo -GA substitue for the light requirement and decrease temp requirement | 20 | |
| 273744476 | Enzyme Production during germination GA | -important for malting(seed has to be at the right stage) -dwarfing for cereals anti GA-keeps plants short Chrysanthemum | 21 | |
| 273744477 | Cytokinins chemical Nature | -Kinetin like adenine -free nitrogenous base -nucleoside -nucleotide -glycoside(sugar) | 22 | |
| 273744478 | Synthesis Ck | -sites---> root apical meristem(transport in the xylem) & shoot apical meristem(transport in the phloem) -IP-->Adenine + 3-methyl-2-butenal | 23 | |
| 273744479 | Control Morphogenesis Ck | -developing shape -cytokinin: auxin ration shoots vs. root -callus @ intermediate level | 24 | |
| 273744480 | Delay senescence CK | -remain green for a longer time -creates sink and increases concentration which draw carbons in | 25 | |
| 273744481 | Promotes Light-mediated chloroplast CK | ethioplast+ cytokinins---->in the dark=chloroplast | 26 | |
| 273744482 | Promote Lateral Growth CK | -opposes auxin, stimulate lateral growth | 27 | |
| 273744483 | Crown GAll Infection CK | -induces cells ti proliferate -enter through roots -plasmid that incorporate in the plant genome which overproduce auxin n cytokinin -if remove the auxin gene(Ti) then the ration of auxin n cytokinin will increase in shooty cells | 28 | |
| 273744484 | Ethylene Chemical Nature | -gas -inhibit growth -Ethrel converts to Ethylene(easier to work with) | 29 | |
| 273744485 | Synthesis ET | Methionine--->SAM-->ACC-->Ethylene -ACC rate determining step | 30 | |
| 273744486 | Ripening ET | -block SAM-->ACC -accelerates ripening of nearby fruits | 31 | |
| 273744487 | Leaf Abscissions ET | -decrease in auxin & GA -E release then release cellulase -cellulase digests cellulose allowing them to stretch--->pectin makes leaves fall which is due to break down of middle lamella | 32 | |
| 273744488 | Epinasty ET | adaxial > than abaxial occurs in flooding | 33 | |
| 273744489 | Root hair formation ET | requires decrease concentration | 34 | |
| 273744490 | Thigmomorphogeneses ET | touch wounding effect trigger growth reduction | 35 | |
| 273744491 | Flower Senescence ET | STS bind with ethylene receptor=growth without u get no growth | 36 | |
| 273744492 | ABA chemical nature | -single compound -cis formation | 37 | |
| 273744493 | ABA Synthesis | -mevalonic acid pathway -breakdown carotenoids -oxygen sensitivity -conjugate with sugars -pH traps ABA anions -transport in xylem & phloem sites-->chloroplast and leaves | 38 | |
| 273744494 | ABA Growth inhibitor | inhibits GA inhibits shoot growth | 39 | |
| 273744495 | Prevents seed germination ABA | -Induces seeds to synthesize storage proteins -active, ABA makes dormant -dormant GA makes active | 40 | |
| 273744496 | Stomatal Closure ABA | -causes K to leave guard cells -increase in pH in xylem traps ABA in xylem and causes K to leave | 41 |