Active and Passive Membrane Transport - [AP Biology] Flashcards
Honors Biology - Membrane Transport : Active Transport and Passive Transport
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| 1976366282 | Concentration Gradient | A difference in the concentration of a substance across a distance "Up" - Low Concentration to High Concentration "Down" - High Concentration to Low Concentration |  | 0 |
| 1976366292 | Diffusion | Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. "Down the Concentration Gradient" |  | 1 |
| 1976366293 | Osmosis | Diffusion of molecules through a semipermeable membrane (across the phospholipid bi-layer using protein pores) from a place of higher concentration to a place of lower concentration until the concentration on both sides is equal. |  | 2 |
| 1976366294 | Hypertonic | "Above Strength" Having a higher concentration of solute than another solution ; Having a lower concentration of solvent (H2O) than another solution. When placed in a Hyper-tonic solution, the cell will begin to diffuse water out of the cell causing the cell to become dehydrated. In a walled cell, this will result in plasmolysis. |  | 3 |
| 1976366283 | Hypotonic | "Below Strength" Having a lower concentration of solute than another solution ; Having a higher concentration of solvent (H2O) than another solution. When placed in a Hypo-tonic solution, the cell will begin to rapidly diffuse water into the cell causing it to grow. In a cell without a cell wall (animal), this will result in cytolysis. |  | 4 |
| 1976366284 | Facilitated Diffusion | Movement of specific large (generally lipid-insoluble) molecules across the plasma membrane through carrier proteins. |  | 5 |
| 1976366285 | Active Transport | The movement of a substance across a biological membrane against its concentration or electrochemical gradient with the help of energy input and specific transport proteins. |  | 6 |
| 1976366287 | Sodium-Potassium Pump | A special transport protein in the plasma membrane of animal cells that transports 3 sodium out of the cell and 2 potassium into the cell against their concentration gradients. |  | 7 |
| 1976366288 | Exocytosis | A process in which a vesicle inside a cell fuses with the plasma membrane and releases its contents to the external environment. Transports to outside of cell |  | 8 |
| 1976366289 | Phagocytosis | A type of endocytosis in which solid particles are ingested by a cell |  | 9 |
| 1976366290 | Pinocytosis | A type of endocytosis in which the cell ingests extracellular fluid and its dissolved solutes. |  | 10 |