Honors Biology - Cells - 9th Grade Flashcards

1808243950	Cell Wall	Rigid layer that gives protection, support, and shape to the cell (found only in plant cells)	0
1808243951	Central Vacuole	Filled with watery fluids that strengthen the cell and help support the entire plant (found only in plant cells)	1
1808243952	Chloroplast	Organelles that carry out photosynthesis (found only in plant cells)	2
1808243953	Centriole	Cylinder-shaped organelles made of short microtubules arranged in a circle (found only in animal cells)	3
1808243954	Cell Membrane (Plasma Membrane)	Forms a boundary between a cell and the outside environment	4
1808243955	Cytoplasm	Jellylike substance that contains dissolved molecular building blocks	5
1808243956	Vesicle	Small membrane-bound sacs that divide some materials from the rest of the cytoplasm and transport these materials from place to place within the cell	6
1808243957	Golgi Apparatus	Consists of closely layered stacks membrane-enclose spaces that process, sort, and deliver proteins	7
1808243958	Ribosomes	Tiny organelles that link amino acids together to form proteins	8
1808243959	Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)	Interconnected network of thick folded membranes	9
1808243960	Nucleus	Storehouse for most of the genetic information, or DNA	10
1808243961	Nucleolus	Inside the nucleus and is a dense region where tiny organelles that are essential for making proteins are assembled	11
1808243962	Mitochondria	Supplies energy to the cell	12
1808243963	Lysosome	Membrane-bound organelles that contain enzymes	13
1808243964	Centrosome	Small region of cytoplasm that produces microtubules	14
1808243965	Vacuole	Fluid-filled safe used for storage of material needed by the cell	15
1808243966	Cytoskeleton	Network of proteins that is constantly changing to meet the needs of the cell	16
1808297392	Osmosis	Diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of high concentration to low concentration	17
1808297393	Cell Theory	-All organisms are made of cells -Basic unit of life -All cells are of cells	18
1808297394	Organelle	Structure specialized to perform a distinct process within a cell	19
1808297395	Phospholipid	Composed of: -Charged phosphate group -Glycerol -Two fatty acid chains	20
1808297396	Fluid Mosaic Model	Describes arrangement of molecules that make up the cell membrane	21
1808297397	Receptor	A protein that detects a signal molecule and performs an action in response	22
1808297398	Passive Transport	Movement of molecules across a cell membrane without energy input from the cell	23
1808297399	Diffusion	Movements of molecules in a fluid or gas from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration	24
1808297400	Concentration Gradient	Difference in the concentration of a substance from one location to another	25
1808297401	Isotonic	Same concentration of dissolved particles as the cell	26
1808297402	Hypertonic	Higher concentration of dissolved particles than a cell	27
1808297403	Hypotonic	Lower concentration of dissolved particles than a cell	28
1808297404	Facilitated diffusion	Diffusion of molecules across a membrane through passive transport	29
1808297405	Active Transport	Drives molecules across a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration	30
1808297406	Endocytosis	Process of taking liquid or fairly large molecules into a cell by engulfing them in a membrane	31
1808297407	Phagocytosis	Type of endocytosis in which the cell membrane engulf large particles	32
1808297408	Exocytosis	Release of substances out of a cell by the fusion of a vesicle withe the membrane	33