Constitutional Foundations Flashcards

3060964945	Anti-Federalists—	led by Thomas Jefferson, one of the first political parties urging the rejection of the Constitution. Its members were farmers and represented the interest of the common people.	0
3060974794	Articles of Confederation—	the first adopted written constitution of the newly independent United States. Because of its weaknesses, the period of time it governed (1781-1789) became known as the critical period.	1
3060982984	Connecticut Compromise—	offered at the Constitutional Convention at Philadelphia, it was 6 adopted by the delegates and created a bicameral legislature, where one house is represented by population, and the other house is represented by the states.	2
3060987506	Consent of the governed—	a derivative of the doctrine of natural rights; a philosophy, later adopted by Jefferson when he drafted the Declaration of Independence, that puts the authority of the government in the people's hands.	3
3060989009	Constitution—	provides the basic framework of government. It is the supreme law of the land.	4
3060994190	Declaration of Independence—	blueprint for the American Revolution containing three parts. The first part—an introduction including ideas such as natural rights as related to life, liberty and property, the consent of the governed and the concept of limited government. The second part—a list of grievances against the King of England and the third part—a declaration of independence.	5
3060999930	Democratic-Republicans—	led by Thomas Jefferson, they were characterized as the party of the "common man." They believed in a more limited role of the central government.	6
3061001941	Federalist Papers—	written using the pen name Publius; John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, and James Madison wrote a series of articles urging the adoption of the Constitution. They argued for establishing a government that could deal with "the tyranny of the majority" by creating three branches of government having distinctive and separate powers.	7
3061003508	Federalist Party—	headed by Alexander Hamilton, this party, made up of the country's upper class, supported a strong national government and set a policy agenda that would solve the nation's economic problems.	8
3061004734	Limited government—	derived from the doctrine of natural rights, it was adopted by Jefferson and restricts the power of government especially in the area of protecting the rights of the people.	9
3061015532	Natural rights—	part of Locke's philosophy; rights that are God given such as life, liberty, and property.	10
3061019013	New Jersey Plan—	offered at the Constitutional Convention at Philadelphia, it urged the delegates to create a legislature based on equal representation by the states.	11
3061023223	Shay's Rebellion—	a failed attempt by Daniel Shay, a farmer who lost his property, to revolt against the state government.	12
3061025127	Three-Fifths Compromise—	offered at the Constitutional Convention at Philadelphia, it was adopted by the delegates and counted every five slaves as three people for representation and tax purposes.	13
3061030206	Unalienable rights—	rights such as life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, which are derived from the doctrine of natural rights.	14
3061031917	Virginia Plan—	offered at the Constitutional Convention at Philadelphia, it urged the delegates to create a legislature based on the population of each state.	15