AP World Chapter 14 (Howard Spodek) Flashcards

2056362887	China	Where did most of the silver from the New World end up?	0
2056362888	Capitalism	What allowed individuals to exchange their products and labor in free, unregulated markets?	1
2056362889	Mercantilism	What was the belief that the government should regulate trade-especially by restricting the outflow of gold and silver?	2
2056362890	Hernan Cortes	Which conquistador defeated the Aztecs?	3
2056362891	Vice Royalty of New World and Peru	How did Spain control the two large areas of the New World?	4
2056362892	guns, horses, disease, steel	What were the 4 things that allowed the Spanish to easily defeat the tribes of the New World?	5
2056362893	Francisco Pizarro	Which conquistador defeated the Incans?	6
2056362894	Fear	Although the Spanish had firearms, they were very ineffective and were mainly used as what?	7
2056362895	They were demoralized and didn't know what to do	What happened to the tribes when the kings of the New World tribes were captured?	8
2056362896	encomiendas	In the Vice Royalties of New World/Peru there were several ______________ that assigned taxes/labor on the native populations. They were very cruel and many natives died.	9
2056362897	mit'a/repartimiento	After the encomienda system was called cruel, what were the names of the two new systems?	10
2056362898	haciendas	What were the Spanish estates that grew manioc, potatoes, and maize in the New World?	11
2056362899	Potosi Mine	What was the name of the largest silver mine ever discovered that employed harsh conditions on the workers in Peru?	12
2056362900	They lacked commercial infrastructure and all of the metals were sold for luxury goods	Why did the Spanish start to decline after the silver/gold dried up in mines?	13
2056362901	Charles V	Which leader in Spain caused bankruptcy after inheriting lots of land throughout Europe?	14
2056362902	Sugar and slaves	What were the two things that the Portuguese focused on?	15
2056362903	Portuguese	Who tried to take over and pirate the Indian Ocean but failed?	16
2056362904	Spain and Portugal	Which two nations were quickly surpassed after their newly discovered wealth dried up?	17
2056362905	mercantilist	Was Spain capitalist or mercantilist?	18
2056362906	mercantilist	Was Portugal capitalist or mercantilist?	19
2056362907	Bullionism	What is another name for Mercantilism?	20
2056362908	indulgences	What were the documents called that removed your sins if you bought them?	21
2056362909	Martin Luther	Who wrote the 95 theses?	22
2056362910	German translation of the Bible	What helped Lutheranism spread quicky?	23
2056362911	John Calvin	Who spoke of justification by faith alone, supremacy of individual conscience, and denied authority of the Church?	24
2056362912	He wanted to divorce his wife	Why did King Henry VIII break from the Church?	25
2056362913	Anglican	What was the new church in England called?	26
2056362914	Council of Trent	In the Counter Reformation, what was established to reaffirm the basic doctrines of Christianity?	27
2056362915	Sent the Spanish Armada	After Queen Elizabeth I aligned herself with the rebels in the Netherlands that followed Protestanism, Phillip II did what?	28
2056763154	Dutch	Which empire dominated trade in Northern Europe?	29
2056763155	A stock exchange	What was the bourse in Amsterdam?	30
2056763156	the government	The Bank of Amsterdam was successful because the safety of the deposits was protected by...	31
2056763157	Dutch East India Company	What did the Dutch establish that was dedicated to trade in Asia?	32
2056763158	Dutch	Which empire was allowed a small settlement on Deshima Island off of Japan?	33
2056763159	English Navigation Act	In 1651, what did the English do that restricted Dutch shipping?	34
2056763160	Henry of Navarre	Who issued the Edict of Nantes?	35
2056763161	Gave Protestants the same civil rights as Catholics	What did the Edict of Nantes do?	36
2056763162	Louis XIV	Who made France the most powerful country in Europe?	37
2056763163	Divine Right Absolutism	How did Louis XIV gain power?	38
2056763164	mercantilist	Was France capitalist or mercantilist?	39
2056763165	France	Which empire had no local tax and a commercial code that unified business practices?	40
2056763166	A French protestant	What is a huguenot?	41
2056763167	population	Although the English had a larger navy, the French had a larger _______________ which could make a larger army.	42
2056763168	balance of power	The growth of the French disturbed the _____________ throughout Europe?	43
2056763169	the right to carry all slave cargoes from Africa to Spanish America	The British won the asiento from Spain which was...?	44
2056763170	sterling pound	The Bank of England fixed the value of what?	45
2056763171	insured	In the Bank of England the government didn't just protect the bank it ____________ it.	46
2056763172	capitalist	The British were mainly ___________ with some mercantilism.	47
2056763173	nation-state	What is a politically sovereign state with a socially cohesive population?	48
2056763174	remote	One of Russia's main downfalls was how ___________ it was from the Europeans.	49
2056763175	Ivan III	Which Russian leader overthrew the Mongols?	50
2056763176	small	Russia had a _________ (small/big) urban trading class.	51
2056763177	serfs	Most of the population in Russia was made up of...	52
2056763178	Westernization	Peter the Great in Russia started the process of ______________ and adopted many ideas from the Europeans?	53
2056763179	St. Petersburg	What Russian city was the "window on the west?"	54
2056763180	Through a form of pretending to retreat and then turning around and charging.	How did Russia defeat the Swedes and Ottomans?	55
2056763181	cipher schools	What were the Russian schools called that taught basic reading and arithmatic?	56
2056763182	taxes	Peter the Great introduced heavy __________ on the peasants and gave their land to the aristocrats.	57
2056763183	Eastern Orthodoxy	What religion did Russia follow?	58
2056763184	A Russian social structure that raised people who did good things and lowered those who didn't	What was the Table of Ranks?	59
2056763185	enlightened despotism	What is it called when a ruler advanced new concepts for the nobility, but held onto the power himself?	60
2056763186	It was all done by foreign merchants	How did the Ottomans handle trade?	61
2056763187	India	Where the Mughal Empire located?	62
2056763188	Guilds	In the Mughal empire, who regulated trade?	63
2056763189	navy	The Mughal empire had coastal trade but it wasn't successful because they lacked a...	64
2056763190	pirates	When the Ming closed external trade, they started to be harassed by Chinese/Japanese _________.	65
2056763191	Matteo Ricci	Who was the Jesuit missionary in China that shared his knowledge of mathematics, cartography, astronomy, and mathematics?	66
2056763192	families	In the late Ming trade started to rise again led by _________.	67
2056763193	Qing	Which dynasty in China established the Canton system?	68
2056763194	Restricted European traders to the area around Canton and supervised them.	What did the Canton system do?	69
2056763195	Oda Nobunaga	Which shogun was happy with the arrival of Christianity?	70
2056763196	True	True or False? Although Japan outlawed all trade, they were still successful.	71
2056763197	Francis Xavier	Which Jesuit missionary brought Christianity to Japan?	72
2056763198	mercantilist	Was Russia capitalist or mercantilist?	73