Chapter 15; AP US History Vocab Flashcards

1151571997	William Seward	Lincoln's Secretary of State, one of the best. Was the leader of the Republican Party.	0
1151571998	Salmon Chase	Secretary of the Treasury- leading abolitionist and out-spoken critic of Lincoln. Later becomes the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court when Taney dies.	1
1151571999	Edwin Stanton	Opposed Lincoln- A war democrat and was in favor of war and union. Was the Secretary of War.	2
1151572000	Fort Sumner	Confederate attacked the Union at their fort in South Carolina. This was the first actual battle & marked the start of the Civil War. --- General Andersen sends Lincoln a letter claiming that they needed supplies- 1) If he doesn't supply the he would be seen as weak and incapable of following through with his fight for the South. 2) If he sent reinforcements, he would threaten a battle. 3) He openly lets the South know that he is sending humanitarian aid on a ship, without weapons. -this made it so the South would make the decision of attacking.	3
1151572001	Robert E. Lee	He did more with less that any other General in American History. Commander in Chief of all southern forces. Great militarily leader-was war hero against John Brown, a Virginia native, was loyal to the Union, but was loyal to Virginia.	4
1151572002	Stonewall Jackson	Was Robert's right-hand man... General in the Confederate Army during the Civil War whose troops at the first Battle of Bull Run stood like a stone wall.	5
1151572003	Jefferson Davis	An American statesman and politician who served as President of the Confederate States of America for its entire history.	6
1151572004	Trent Affair (1861)	Occured when a U.S. naval vessel intercepted a British mailing ship and removed two Confederate envoys, John Slidell and James Mason; a clear violation of international law; British objected and threatened war, but the crisis passed when Lincoln released the two Confederates	7
1151572005	C.S.S Alabama	One of the most famous British/Southern commerce raiders -- never laid in at a Southern port. Sunk by the USS Kearsarge off the coast of France.	8
1151572006	Charles Francis Adams	Union diplomat in England, constantly bringing complaints to the British government that they needed to pay for their damages and they needed to stop their impressments. -This helped Britain ultimately apologize and lose hope in helping the Southerners.	9
1151572007	New York Draft Riot	500 people were killed as lower-class men rioted in the North in response to the wealthy-favored conscription bill. They loathed the idea of being drafted to fight a war on behalf of slaves who, once freed, would compete with them for jobs	10
1151572008	Morrill Tariff Act (1861)	Raised the tariff about 10% and set it to 25% to increase revenue and protect American manufacturers; high protective tarrifs to project industrialists.	11
1151572009	Greenbacks	Currency that the Union issued to replace $450 million of gold with $450 million worth of paper money.	12
1151572010	National Banking System	Designed to stabilize the $50 million of currency and control/sell bonds so there would not be inflation. It stayed in place for 50 years until the Federal Reserve.	13
1151572011	Homestead Act (1862)	The Northern Congress gave 160 free acres to families who would move out west- all they had to do was promise that they would stay on the land and improve the land for an amount of time.	14
1151572012	Morrill Land Grant Act (1862)	The government gave 30,000 acres of public lands to each state for the each congressman and each senator. They were required to sell that land to private individuals- the state would take that money and would build agricultural and mechanical colleges in each state. Hugely successful.	15
1151572013	Pacific Railway Act (1863)	Established the trans-continental railroad, connecting the railroad in the north to California.	16
1151572014	Ex Parte Merriman (1861)	Taney (Chief Justice of the Supreme Court) declared that Lincoln's action with Habeas Corpus was unconstitutional and illegal. Lincoln ignored it and contemplating arresting Taney himself.	17
1151572015	Anaconda Plan	Union war plan by Winfield Scott of a blockade; to strangle the south like a constrictor snake.	18
1151572016	Antietam	It was the bloodiest single day of the war. 23,000 men in one day. One of the most decisive battles in world history. Northern victory. Significance: 1) The south was never again so close to victory. They never had the chance they had. Since they lost, they did not put a dent in the border south. 2) Because the South lost, foreign powers did not want to intervene. 3) This was a victory that Lincoln needed to tag to Emancipation Proclamation onto.	19
1151572017	Emancipation Proclamation	Issued by Lincoln within weeks of Antietam. It became official on January 1, 1863. It freed all of the slaves in the southern states that were still in rebellion. It did not end slavery in the border states. It didn't end slavery in areas in the south that that the north had occupied. Is goal was to strengthen the moral cause of the union- not just for union but for equality. He knew he couldn't end slavery by just saying it- He had to win the war. It never really freed a single slave.	20
1151572018	Gettysburg	Union General George G. Meade led an army of about 90,000 men to victory against General Robert E. Lee's Confederate army of about 75,000... the war's most famous battle- 53,000 men were killed or wounded. The union now controlled the Mississippi in another battle during this time. Now, the South was hopeless as it lost Gettysburg and the Mississippi.	21
1151572019	Gettysburg Address	One of the greatest speeches in all of history. 1) It establishes that the Declaration if Independence is the founding document of America's law. 2) Equality becomes a supreme commitment of the Federal Government. 3) It established the idea of nation (more of a cohesive mindset) over union (merging of people but still independent in thought). The United States is a free country rather than the United States are a free country.	22
1151572020	Copperheads	Slang term for a democratic faction in the North who preached defeatism or a "peace at any price" strategy. Some of these men were the men that Lincoln that were held without trial...they struck them without warning, like the snake in the South.	23
1151572021	Union Party	Consisted of the war democrats and the republicans who decided to dissolve their political ties and create this party- with the main focus to pursue the war and rejoin the union, instead of politics.	24
1151572022	Lincoln's Second Inaugural Speech	"with malice towards none, with charity for all..." Lincoln makes it clear that he is going to be charitable towards the south.	25
1151572023	Appomattox	Lee and Grant meet for 30 minutes and negotiate a compromise. Lee surrendered his army and would his army would be paroled and allowed to go home as long as they would not take up arms against the union again. Grant allowed for all the officers to keep their side arms.	26
1151572024	John Wilkes Booth	Assassinated Lincoln. A very famous actor and a rabid confederate southerner. He was a leader of a group of rabid southern rebels.	27