Campbell-Biology-Concepts-&-Connections-8th-Edition-Chapter-1-Turk Flashcards

2680533854	biology	The scientific study of life.	0
2680535866	biosphere	The entire portion of Earth inhabited by life; the sum of all the planet's ecosystems.	1
2681816724	ecosystem	All the organisms in a given area, along with the nonliving (abiotic) factors with which they interact; a biological community and its physical environment.	2
2681816725	community	An assemblage of all the populations of organisms living close enough together for potential interactions.	3
2681816726	population	A group of individuals belonging to one species and living in the same geographic area.	4
2681817330	organism	An individual living thing, such as a bacterium, archaeon, fungus, protist, plant, or animal.	5
2681817331	organ system	A group of organs that work together in performing vital body functions.	6
2681817332	organ	A specialized structure composed of several different types of tissues that together perform specific functions.	7
2681817936	cell	A basic unit of living matter separated from its environment by a plasma membrane; the fundamental unit of life.	8
2681817937	organelle	A membrane-enclosed structure with a specialized function within a cell.	9
2681817982	molecule	Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds.	10
2681829206	emergent properties	New properties that arise with each step upward in the hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases.	11
2681900415	prokaryotic cell	A type of cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and other membrane-enclosed organelles; found only in the domains Bacteria and Archaea.	12
2681905299	eukaryotic cell	A type of cell that has a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles. All organisms except bacteria and archaea are composed of these types of cells.	13
2682018063	systems biology	An approach to studying biology that aims to model the dynamic behavior of whole biological systems based on a study of the interactions among the system's parts.	14
2683897976	gene	A discrete unit of heredity information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA, in some viruses). For eukaryotes, most are located in chromosomal DNA, and a few are carried by the DNA of mitochondria and chloroplasts.	15
2683936208	genome	The complete set of genetic material of an organism or virus.	16
2683955276	domain	A taxonomic category above the kingdom level and include Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya.	17
2683955277	Bacteria	One of two prokaryotic domains of life, the other being Archaea.	18
2683955278	Archaea	One of two prokaryotic domains of life, the other being Bacteria.	19
2683956151	Eukarya	Domain of life that includes all eukaryotic organisms.	20
2684100581	evolution	Descent with modification; the idea that living species are descendants of ancestral species that were different from present-day ones; also, the genetic changes in a population from generation to generation.	21
2684111700	natural selection	A process in which individuals with certain inherited traits are more likely to survive and reproduce than are individuals that do not have those traits.	22
2685306888	hypothesis	A testable explanation for a set of observations based on the available data and guided by inductive reasoning.	23
2685337181	theory	A widely accepted explanatory idea that is broader in scope than a hypothesis, generates new hypotheses, and is supported by a large body of evidence.	24
2685380668	controlled experiment	An experiment in which an experimental group is compared with a control group that varies only in the factor being tested.	25
2685441900	artificial selection	The selective breeding of domesticated plants and animals to promote the occurrence of desirable traits.	26
2685464907	technology	The application of scientific knowledge for a specific purpose, often involving industry or commerce but also including uses in basic research.	27