Ecology Flashcards

1621493692	ecology	Science dealing with the relation of living things to their environment and to each other	0
1621493693	biotic	All the living organisms that inhabit an environment.	1
1621493694	abiotic	Any nonliving component of an environment	2
1621493695	organism	individual living thing	3
1621493696	species	A group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring.	4
1621493697	community	different populations living in the same place at the same time	5
1621493698	ecosystem	A community and its abiotic environment	6
1621493699	biosphere	All the parts of the planet that are inhabited by living things; sum of all Earth's ecosystems	7
1621493700	poulation	a group of organisms, all of the same species, which interbreed and live in the same place at the same time	8
1641831284	habitat	An environment that provides the things a specific organism needs to live, grow, and reproduce.	9
1641831285	niche	An organism's niche is how it makes a living (gets energy). The niche is the job of the organism.	10
1641860540	symbiosis	A close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of the species.	11
1641860541	mutualism	A relationship between two species in which both species benefit.	12
1641860542	commensalism	A relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected	13
1641860543	parasitism	A relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits and the other is harmed	14
1641860544	predation	An interaction in which one organism kills another for food.	15
1641860545	competition	Interaction among organisms that vie for the same resource in an ecosystem	16
1660928063	producer	An organism that makes its own food	17
1660928064	autotroph	Any organism able to make its own food (aka Producer)	18
1660928065	consumer	An organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms.	19
1660928066	heterotroph	An organism that cannot make its own food, and thus must ingest other organisms.	20
1660928067	herbivore	An animal that feeds on plants.	21
1660928068	carnivore	An animal that eats other animals	22
1660928069	omnivore	An organism that eats both plants and animals	23
1660928070	decomposer	An organism that breaks down wastes and dead organisms.	24
1660928071	detrivore	An organism that feeds on plant and animal remains and other dead matter.	25
1660928072	scavenger	A carnivore that feeds on the bodies of dead organisms.	26
1660928073	food chain definition	A series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten	27
1660928078	food web example		28
1660928079	food chain example		29
1660928074	food web definition	several food chains connected together	30
1660928075	first consumer	The first consumer shown in a food chain, it will be a type of herbivore	31
1660928076	second consumer	the second organism in a food chain and eats the organism that eats the producers.	32
1660928077	third consumer	A consumer that eats second consumers	33
1681720602	precipitation	Any form of water that falls from clouds and reaches Earth's surface	34
1681720603	evaporation	The change of a liquid to a gas	35
1681720604	transpiration	Evaporation of water from the leaves of a plant	36
1681720605	biogeochemical cycles	Process in which elements, chemical compounds, and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to another and from one part of the biosphere to another	37
1681720606	nutrients	Compounds in food that the body requires for proper growth, maintenance, and functioning	38
1681720607	respiration	Inhalation and exhalation of air. Releases CO2 into atmosphere	39
1681720608	photosynthesis	A process plants use to turn sunlight into food, removes CO2 from atmosphere	40
1681720609	decomposition	(biology) decaying caused by bacterial or fungal action, releases CO2 into air	41
1681720610	burning fossil fuels/fires	releases CO2 into air	42
1681720611	nitrogen fixation	Process by which certain bacteria convert nitrogen gas to ammonia, which can be used by plants	43
1681720612	denitrification	Bacteria convert ammonia back into N gas	44
1681720613	primary succession	Succession that occurs in an area in which no trace of a previous community is present.	45
1681720614	secondary succession	Succession following a disturbance that destroys a community without destroying the soil.	46
1681720615	primary succession EX		47
1681720616	secondary succession EX		48
1707467076	limiting factor	An environmental factor that causes a population to stop growing or decrease in size.	49
1707467077	level of tolerance	when environment changes beyond, the organism can not survive	50
1707467078	carrying capacity	Largest number of individuals of a population that a environment can support	51
1707467079	slow-life reproduction pattern	Organisms that live in more stable environments usually reproduce slowly.	52
1707467080	rapid-life reproduction pattern	A fast and short life, these are common among organisms in unpredictable environments.	53
1735557454	biodiversity	The diversity of plant and animal life in a particular habitat (or in the world as a whole)	54
1735557455	habitat loss	The destruction of habitats that usually results from human activities	55
1735557456	habitat fragmentation	Breakup of a habitat into smaller pieces, usually as a result of human activities.	56
1735557457	Habitat degradation	damage to a habitat by air, water, and land pollution.	57
1735557458	deforestation	Destruction of forests	58
1735557459	extinction	A term that typically describes a species that no longer has any known living individuals.	59
1735557460	threatened species	likely to become endangered in the foreseeable future	60
1735557461	endangered species	A species whose numbers are so small that the species is at risk of extinction	61
1735557462	native species	Species that normally live and thrive in a particular ecosystem	62
1735557463	non-native species	new species that have not been there before, is introduced into an ecosystem	63
1735557464	invasive species	A species that comes in and takes over, and destroys the ecosystem	64
1752494073	immigration	Entering an environment.	65
1752494074	emigration	Leaving a population.	66
1752494075	birth rate	1. The number of live birth	67
1752494076	death rate	The number of deaths in a population in a certain amount of time.	68
1752494077	population growth rate	The birth rate of a population minus the death rate	69
1752494078	population density	Number of individuals per unit area.	70
1752494079	population dispersion	General pattern in which the members of a population are arranged throughout its habitat.	71