Chapter 16 Key Terms and People to Know: APUSH Flashcards

3599262064	West Africa Squadron	British Royal Navy force formed to enforce the abolition of the slave trade in 1807. It intercepted hundreds of slave ships and freed thousands of Africans.	0
3599262065	Breakers	Slave drivers who employed the lash to brutally hurt the souls of strong-willed slaves.	1
3599262066	Black Belt	Region of the Deep South with the highest concentration of slaves. The "______" emerged in the nineteenth century as cotton production became more profitable and slavery expanded south and west.	2
3599262067	Responsorial	Style of preaching that melded Christian and African traditions. Practiced by African slaves in the South.	3
3599262068	Nat Turner's Rebellion	Virginia slave revolt that resulted in the deaths of sixty whites and raised fears among white Southerners of further uprisings.	4
3599262069	Amistad	Spanish slave ship dramatically seized off the coast of Cuba by the enslaved Africans aboard. The ship was driven ashore in Long Island and the slaves were put on trial. Former president John Quincy Adams argued their case before the Supreme Court, securing their eventual release.	5
3599262070	American Colonization Society	Reflecting the focus of early abolitionists on transporting freed blacks back to Africa, the organization established Liberia, a West-African settlement intended as a haven for emancipated slaves.	6
3599262071	Liberia	West-African nation founded in 1822 as a haven for freed blacks, fifteen thousand of whom made their way back across the Atlantic by the 1860s.	7
3599262072	The Liberator	Anti-slavery newspaper published by William Lloyd Garrison, who called for the immediate emancipation of all slaves.	8
3599262073	American Anti-Slavery Society	Abolitionist society founded by William Lloyd Garrison, who advocated the immediate abolition of slavery. By 1838, the organization had more than 250,000 members across 1,350 chapters.	9
3599262074	Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World	Incendiary abolitionist track advocating the violent overthrow of slavery. Published by David Walker, a Southern-born free black.	10
3599262075	Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass	Vivid autobiography of the escaped slave and renowned abolitionist _________.	11
3599262076	Mason-Dixon Line	Originally drawn by surveyors to resolve the boundaries between Maryland, Delaware, Pennsylvania, and Virginia in the 1760s, it came to symbolize the North-South divide over slavery.	12
3599262077	Gag Resolution	Prohibited debate or action on anti-slavery appeals. Driven through the House by pro-slavery Southerners, the gag resolution passed every year for eight years, eventually overturned with the help of John Quincy Adams.	13
3599262078	William T. Johnson	A free black who purchased his freedom with earnings from labor after hours. He owned property in New Orleans, where a sizable mulatto community prospered. He was "the barber of Natchez" and even owned slaves. He was the master of fifteen bondsmen. (pg. 378)	14
3599262079	Nat Turner	A visionary black preacher who led an uprising that slaughtered about sixty Virginians, mostly women and children. (pg. 384)	15
3599262080	William Wilberforce	A member of Parliament and an evangelical Christian reformer whose family had been touched by the preaching of George Whitefield. He unchained the slaves in the West Indies. (pg. 386)	16
3599262081	Theodore Dwight Weld	He was materially added by two wealthy and devout New York merchants, the brothers Arthur and Lewis Tappan. He was expelled from school for organizing an 18 day debate on slavery. He and is "Lane Rebels" preached antislavery across the Old Northwest. He assembled a potent propaganda pamphlet, American Slavery as It Is. Its compelling arguments made it among the most effective abolitionist tracts and greatly influenced Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin. (pg. 386)	17
3599262082	William Lloyd Garrison	He wrote the Liberator. He was a spiritual child of the Second Great Awakening. He caused a thirty year war of words and in a sense fired one of the opening barrages of the Civil War. He proclaimed that under no circumstances would he tolerate the poisonous weed of slavery, but would stamp it out root and branch. (pg. 386-387)	18
3599262083	David Walker	He made the incendiary Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World, which advocated a bloody end to white supremacy. (pg. 387)	19
3599262084	Sojourner Truth	Also know as Isabella, she was a freed black woman in New York who fought tirelessly for black emancipation and women's rights. (pg. 386-387)	20
3599262085	Martin Delaney	One of the few black leaders to take seriously the notion of the mass recolonization of Africa. (pg. 387)	21
3599262086	Frederick Douglass	He was a slave born in Maryland and escaped to the North and became the most prominent of the black abolitionists. He was a mulatto. He looked to politics to end slavery. (pg. 387-388)	22