Applied Nutrition Test #1 Flashcards

1881951222	glycogen	animal starch, polysacharide, store of carbohydrates	0
1554407977	monosaccharides	1 sugar	1
115672256	hexose	6 carbon sugar	2
1052576626	examples of hexose	glucose, fructose, galactose, mannose	3
1481537137	pentose	5 carbon sugar	4
492769177	examples of pentose	arabinose, ribose	5
377252248	disacharides	2 sugars	6
377252249	examples of disacharides	sucrose, lactose, maltose, glucose	7
1116126656	polysacharides	many sugars	8
1822559728	examples of polysaccarides	starch, cellulose, insulin, beta-glucan	9
390055051	homopolysaccarides	1 type of saccaride	10
490469002	heteropolysacarides	hemicellulose, pectin	11
794486049	difference between hetero and homopolysaccarides	hetero are more than one type of sacharide and homo have one only one type of sacharide	12
1482945265	carbs digested by mammalian	hexose, fructose, glactose, ribose, maltose, starch, beta glucan	13
1482945267	carbs digested by microbial	mannose, arabinose, cellulose, inulin, hemicellulose, pectin, silica	14
454586402	lignin	provides plant rigidity, decreases digestibility, no mammilian or microbial enzyme can break	15
917454362	carb function	energy, heat, building blocks for other nutrients	16
1566717360	lipid carb ratio	lipids supply 2.25 times as much energy as carbs	17
631624483	triglyceride	three fatty acids attached to glycerol backbone	18
1772724214	components of triglyceride	glycerol back bone and fatty acid	19
1686985461	saturated	no double bonds	20
1686985462	monounsaturated	1 double bond	21
1686985463	unsaturated	double bonds	22
519225265	polyunsaturated	2 or more double bonds	23
1454033613	essential vs non-esential fatty acids	non-essential can be synthesized by animal (not included in diet) essential cannot be synthesized (needed to sustain life)	24
1454033614	3 essential fatty acids	linoleic, linolenic, arachadonic	25
138567018	"true fat"	fatty acids and glycerol (mono, di, tri)	26
193825588	cholesterol	precursor for vitamin D, bile salts, and steroid hormones	27
1869520385	primary function of dietary fat	energy source, source of heat insulation and body protection, source of essential fatty acids, carrier for fat-soluble vitamins (ADEK), precursors for steroid hormone synthesis	28
864450699	protein requirement	decreases with age	29
457824625	amino acid	building blocks to proteins	30
1133025857	connects amino acids	peptide bonds	31
326258067	peptide	several amino acids linked together by peptide bonds that couple carboxyl groups	32
326258068	protein folding	important because they have to fit together right	33
1958665074	denatured	lose biological activity	34
1959544175	ways protein denatures	heat, UV light, pH, orgainc solvents	35
234393911	protein	many amino acids linked by peptide bonds	36
533118688	true protein	protein composed of only amino acids	37
533118689	non-protein nitrogen	nitrogen source for that can be converted to protein by bacterial action	38
1174968701	crude protein	composed of both protein and any other nitrogenous source	39
1174968702	digestible protein	portion of protein that can be digested	40
1908068503	DIP (or RDP)	degradable intake protein, rumen degradable protien, rumen microbes, bugs, supports fermentation	41
1541268883	BCP (bacterial crude protein)	formed by containing nitrogen from feed ingredients, microbes pass out of rumen and digested by same process as feed ingredients	42
1164111700	MP (metabolizable protein)	protein avaliable to animal	43
686783268	10 essential amino acids	phenylalanine, valine, threonine, tryptophan, hisitidine, isoleucine, methionine, arginine, leucine, lysine	44
435584727	essential amino acids for poultry	glycine, proline	45
866271763	essential amino acid for cats	taurine	46
1447581568	UIP (undegradable inkake protein) RUP (Rumen degradable protein)	not available to rumen microbes, digested by animal in small intestine (not completely available to animal)	47
656439593	6 functions of protein	structural unit, body enzymes, protein hormones, anitbodies, DNA and RNA, source of energy	48
1546915241	limiting an amino acid	amino acid imbalance	49
1546915242	anti-vitamin	like a vitamin but doesnt cause response	50
876691169	Malliard reaction	heat damage, excessive heat causes CHO to bind Lysine making it unavailable to the animal	51
876691173	water soluble vitamins	Thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, viamin c, folic acid, b12	52
180368228			53