AP Psychology Unit 5 - States of Consciousness Flashcards
Advanced Placement Psychology
Enterprise High School, Redding, CA
All terms from Myers Psychology for AP (BFW Worth, 2011)
Terms : Hide Images [1]
| 3186948266 | consciousness | our awareness of ourselves and our environment. |  | 0 |
| 3186948267 | circadian rhythm | the biological clock; regular bodily rhythms (for example, of temperature and wakefulness) that occur on a 24-hour cycle. |  | 1 |
| 3186948268 | REM (rapid eye movement) sleep | rapid eye movement sleep; a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. Also known as paradoxical sleep, because the muscles are relaxed (except for minor twitches) but other body systems are active. |  | 2 |
| 3186948269 | alpha waves | the relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state. | | 3 |
| 3186948270 | sleep | periodic, natural loss of consciousness—as distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma, general anesthesia, or hibernation. (Adapted from Dement, 1999.) |  | 4 |
| 3186948271 | hallucinations | false sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus. |  | 5 |
| 3186948272 | delta waves | the large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep. | | 6 |
| 3186948273 | NREM sleep | non-rapid eye movement sleep; encompasses all sleep stages except for REM sleep. | | 7 |
| 3186948274 | insomnia | recurring problems in falling or staying asleep. |  | 8 |
| 3186948275 | narcolepsy | a sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times. |  | 9 |
| 3186948276 | sleep apnea | a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings. |  | 10 |
| 3186948277 | night terrors | a sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares, these occur during Stage 4 sleep, within two or three hours of falling asleep, and are seldom remembered. |  | 11 |
| 3186948278 | dream | a sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person's mind. These are notable for their hallucinatory imagery, discontinuities, and incongruities, and for the person 's delusional acceptance of the content and later difficulties remembering it. |  | 12 |
| 3186948279 | manifest content | according to Freud, the story of the dream. |  | 13 |
| 3186948280 | latent content | according to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream (as distinct from its manifest content). | | 14 |
| 3186948281 | REM rebound | the tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation (created by repeated awakenings during REM sleep). |  | 15 |
| 3186948282 | hypnosis | a social interaction in which one person suggests to another that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur. |  | 16 |
| 3186948283 | posthypnotic suggestion | a suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized; used by some clinicians to help control undesired symptoms and behaviors. |  | 17 |
| 3186948284 | dissociation | a split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others. |  | 18 |
| 3186948285 | psychoactive drug | a chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods. |  | 19 |
| 3186948286 | tolerance | the diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the drug's effect. |  | 20 |
| 3186948287 | withdrawal | the discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing the use of an addictive drug. |  | 21 |
| 3186948288 | physical dependence | a physiological need for a drug, marked by unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the drug is discontinued. |  | 22 |
| 3186948289 | psychological dependence | a psychological need to use a drug, such as to relieve negative emotions. |  | 23 |
| 3186948290 | addiction | compulsive drug craving and use, despite adverse consequences. |  | 24 |
| 3186948291 | depressants | drugs (such as alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates) that reduce neural activity and slow body functions. |  | 25 |
| 3186948292 | barbiturates | drugs that depress the activity of the central nervous system, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgment. |  | 26 |
| 3186948293 | opiates | opium and its derivatives, such as morphine and heroin; they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety. |  | 27 |
| 3186948294 | stimulants | drugs (such as caffeine, nicotine, and the more powerful amphetamines, cocaine, and Ecstasy) that excite neural activity and speed up body functions. |  | 28 |
| 3186948295 | amphetamines | drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing sped-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes. |  | 29 |
| 3186948296 | methamphetamines | a powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system, with sped-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes; over time, appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels. |  | 30 |
| 3186948297 | Ecstacy (MDMA) | a synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen. Produces euphoria and social intimacy, but with short-term health risks and longer-term harm to serotonin-producing neurons and to mood and cognition. |  | 31 |
| 3186948298 | hallucinogens | psychedelic ("mind-manifesting") drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input. |  | 32 |
| 3186948299 | LSD | a powerful hallucinogenic drug; also known as acid (lysergic acid diethylamide). |  | 33 |
| 3186948300 | near-death experiences | an altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death (such as through cardiac arrest); often similar to drug-induced hallucinations. |  | 34 |
| 3186948301 | THC | the major active ingredient in marijuana; triggers a variety of effects, including mild hallucinations. |  | 35 |