Chapter 17: 1860-1900 I. Native Americans and the Trans-Mississippi West a. The Plains Indians i. Three major sub regions: The Northern Plains: Lakota, Flatheads, Blackfeet, Assiniboine, Northern Cheyenne, Arapahos, and Crows The Central region: Five Civilized Tribes, agricultural life, before horses South: Western Kansas, Colorado, Eastern New Mexico, and Texas: The Comanche, Kiowa, Southern Arapahos, and Kiowa Apaches Extended family ties and tribal cooperation; families joined clans to help make decisions Sioux bands focused on religious and harvest celebrations Self torture Sacrificing Indians dispersed across the landscape to minimize damage to the lands b. The Destruction of Nomadic Indian Life Declining bison Federal Gov?t introduced tribal reservations