Food Chains and Food Webs (Source: The Princeton Review--APES Book) Flashcards

3846560437	Autotrophs	Organisms that can produce their own organic compounds from inorganic chemicals	0
3846560438	Heterotrophs	Organisms that obtain food energy by consuming other organisms or products created by other organisms	1
3846560439	Producers	Organisms that are capable of converting radiant energy, or chemical energy, into carbohydrates.	2
3846560440	Examples of producers include...	Plants and algae	3
3846560441	Plants and algae carry out...	Photosynthesis	4
3846560442	What is the unbalanced chemical reaction of photosynthesis?	H2O+CO2+Solar Energy -> CH2O+O2	5
3846560443	Anaerobic	Without oxygen	6
3846560444	Some producers make food through anaerobic environments. Instead of photosynthesis, they use the process of...	Chemosynthesis	7
3846560445	Chemotrophs	Few specialized bacteria fit this niche. They use chemosynthesis.	8
3846560446	Where are many chemotrophs found?	Hydrothermal vents deep in the ocean	9
3846560447	What is the unbalanced chemical equation of chemosynthesis?	O2+H2S+O2+Energy -> CH2O+S+H2O	10
3846560448	Net Primary Productivity (NPP)	The amount of energy that plants pass on to the community of herbivores in an ecosystem	11
3846560449	How is NPP calculated?	By using the Gross Primary Productivity and subtracting from it the amount of energy the plants need for growth, maintenance, repair, and reproduction.	12
3846560450	Gross Primary Productivity	The amount of sugar that the plants produce in photosynthesis	13
3846560451	Consumers	Organisms that must obtain food energy from secondary sources.	14
3846560452	Primary consumers	Herbivores	15
3846560453	Herbivores	Consume producers	16
3846560454	Secondary consumers	Consumes primary consumers/herbivores	17
3846560455	Tertiary consumers	Consumes secondary consumers	18
3846560456	Detritivores	Derive energy from consuming nonliving organic matter such as dead animals or fallen leaves	19
3846560457	Decomposers	Bacteria or fungi that absorb nutrients from nonliving organic matter and wastes of living organisms and corpses.	20
3846560458	What do decomposers convert nonliving organic matter, living organisms, and corpses into?	Inorganic forms	21
3846560459	Each feeding level in a food chain is called a....	Trophic level	22
3846560460	As you increase in tropic levels, energy...	decreases	23
3846560461	Only __% of the energy from one tropic level is passed to the next.	10	24
3846560462	What trophic level has the most usable energy?	Producers	25
3846560463	Biomagnification	The increasing concentration of toxin molecules at successively higher trophic levels in a food chain	26
3846560464	What pesticide biomagnifies and was also written about by Rachel Carson?	DDT	27
3846560465	Bioaccumulation	The accumulation of a substance in the tissues of a living organism	28
3846560466	Food web	A more realistic type of food chain	29