Biology Exam 3 Flashcards

2478301005	Ecology	The study of the density and distribution of organisms and the factors that cause changes in density distribution	0
2478303884	Why are some parts of the world warm and some cold?	Energy either hits the earth at a right angle or oblique angle and spreads across the earth's surface	1
2478306743	Why do we have seasons?	This is due to the the tilt of the earth and its rotation around the sun	2
2478314170	Primary factors controlling level of net primary production in terrestrial biomes	Temperature and moisture, these determine how well plants will grow	3
2478315668	Primary factors controlling level of net primary production in aquatic biomes	Light and nutrients, these determine how efficient photosynthesis is and what must be added for production to increase	4
2478432807	Limiting Nutrient	Related to aquatic biomes, it is the elements that must be added for production to increase, usually nitrogen or phosphorus	5
2478316784	Primary producers	The trophic level that ultimately supports all others of autotrophs	6
2478316785	Primary Consumers	Herbivores that eat plants and other primary producers	7
2478317968	Secondary Consumers	Carnivores that eat herbivores	8
2478319161	Tertiary Consumers	Carnivores that eat herbivores and other carnivores	9
2478320376	Gross Primary Production	Amount of solar radiation that hits a plant and enters the photosynthetic process; usually about 1% and goes toward maintenence of plant and creating new biomass	10
2478322069	Net Primary Production	Biomass from plants that's consumed by primary consumers; about 40-60% of plant biomass and becomes feces or assimilated energy for maintenance of animal and new animal biomass	11
2478325752	Assimilation	How much energy an animal can take in depending on their diet, energy goes to maintenance of animal and production efficiency	12
2478506900	Production Effiency	Percentage of incoming energy that can be used for new biomass	13
2478327287	Why can GPP never equal NPP	NPP is a percentage of GPP NPP=GPP-autotrophic respiration	14
2478330363	Why production efficiency of a consumer can never equal 100%	Some energy must be used to maintain the animal, thy animal can't just keep growing and growing	15
2478543096	Decomposer	AKA Detritivores; group of heterotrophs that get their energy from detritus	16
2478585806	Trophic Efficiency	The percentage of production transferred from one trophic level to the next	17
2478590639	10% Rule	Trophic efficiency is usually 10%, so 90% of the energy from a trophic level is released to the environment from waste and respiration	18
2478651491	Traits all animals share	Multicellular, locomotion at some point in life, reproduce sexually, chemoheterotrophic, nerves and muscles, characteristic embryonic development that includes blastula and gastrula	19
2478660167	Diploblastic Animals		20
2478660168	Triploblastic Animals		21
2478667672	Ectoerm	Develops into epidermis	22
2478669390	Endoderm	Develops into lining of digestive tract	23
2478675239	Mesoderm	Develops into muscles and most of the internal organs and also is the lining of the coelom	24
2478676460	Coelomate		25
2478677345	Pseudocoelomate		26
2478678816	Acoelomate		27
2478681200	Embryonic Development in Protostomes		28
2478683212	Embryonic Development in Deuterostomes		29
2478685973	Ecdysozoan		30
2478690611	Lophotrichozoan		31
2478697588	4 Traits all Chordates share	Dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharengeal gill slits, notocord, and post anal tail	32
2478700775	Advantages of a cranium and vertebral column		33
2479688339	Abiotic	Nonliving factors like the chemical and physical attributes of the environment	34
2479689693	Biotic	Living factors such as other organisms	35
2479706505	Photic Zone	The upper area in water where there is sufficient light for phototsynthesis	36
2479707293	Aphotic Zone	The lower area in water where little light penetrates and is not sufficient for photosynthesis	37
2479714729	Pelagic Zone	The entire area in a body of water that light may or may not be able to penetrate	38
2479794329	Homospory	One type of spore like in nonvascular and vascular plants	39
2479800480	Heterospory	Two types of spores like in gymnosperms and angiosperms	40
2479801529	Adaptive Radiation	Usually occurs after major extinction events or formation of new islands; rapid speciation as organisms adapt to fill unoccupied niches	41
2479844227	Sporophyte	Diploid, multicellular organism that makes spores in plants	42
2479845568	Gametophyte	Adult, haploid, multicellular organism in plants that makes gametes	43
2479847902	Alternation of generations		44