Chapter 20 I. Latin America in the 19th & 20th Cent. A. Creoles: ? descendants of Europeans who stayed in Latin America 1. Ideas of Enlightenment & new political ideals influencing creole elites a) Principles of equality of all in the eyes of the law b) Free trade c) Free press B. L.A. elites resented domination of trade by Spain & Portugal II. Nationalistic Revolts in L.A. A. Creoles began to use new ideas to denounce rule of Iberian monarchs B. Sim?n Bolivar: 1. Reflected growing nativism among elites & resentment of spanish peninsulares a) They dominated L.A. and drained the people of their wealth C. Napoleon?s continental wars provided creoles with an opportunity for change 1. 1807-1825: series of revolts enabled most of L.A. to become