Population and Health Flashcards

4863693476	Population Density	The number of people per unit of area, usually quoted per square kilometer or square mile (which may include or exclude, for example, areas of water or glaciers). Commonly this may be calculated for a county, city, country, another territory, or the entire world.	0
4863699892	Arithmetic density	The total number of people / area of land (measured in square miles or square kilometers ).	1
4863704682	Physiological density	The total population / area of arable land.	2
4863717087	population distribution	the arrangement or spread of people living in a given area; also, how the population of an area is arranged according to variables such as age, race, or sex	3
4863717629	Dot Map	A dot distribution map (also known as dot density map) is a map type that uses a dot symbol to show the presence of a feature or phenomenon. Dot maps rely on a visual scatter to show spatial pattern.	4
4863725899	Megapolis	a chain of roughly adjacent metropolitan areas.	5
4863725900	Census	an official count or survey of a population, typically recording various details of individuals.	6
4863729153	Total Fertility Rate	The number of children who would be born per woman (or per 1,000 women)	7
4863731425	Old-age dependency ratio	The dependency ratio is a measure showing the number of dependents, aged zero to 14 and over the age of 65, to the total population, aged 15 to 64. It is also referred to as the "total dependency ratio."	8
4863733689	Child-dependency ratio	The dependency ratio is a measure showing the number of dependents, aged zero to 14 and over the age of 65, to the total population, aged 15 to 64. It is also referred to as the "total dependency ratio."	9
4863733690	Doubling time	The period of time required for a quantity to double in size or value. It is applied to population growth	10
4863736464	Population explosion	a sudden large increase in the size of a population.	11
4863782582	Zero population Growth	the maintenance of a population at a constant level by limiting the number of live births to only what is needed to replace the existing population.	12
4863784309	Crude birth rate	The crude birth rate is the number of live births occurring among the population of a given geographical area during a given year, per 1,000 mid-year total population of the given geographical area during the same year.	13
4863784310	crude death rate	The crude death rate is the number of deaths occurring among the population of a given geographical area during a given year, per 1,000 mid-year total population of the given geographical area during the same year.	14
4863787037	natural increase	The difference between the number of live births and the number of deaths occurring in a year, divided by the mid-year population of that year, multiplied by a factor (usually 1,000). It is equal to the difference between the crude birth rate and the crude death rate.	15
4863787038	demographic transition	the transition from high birth and death rates to lower birth and death rates as a country or region develops from a pre-industrial to an industrialized economic system.	16
4863789546	Stationary Population Level	Level at which national population ceases to grow	17
4863789547	Population Composition	The description of a population according to characteristics such as age and sex.	18
4863792812	Population Pyramids	A population pyramid, also called an age pyramid or age picture diagram, is a graphical illustration that shows the distribution of various age groups in a population (typically that of a country or region of the world), which forms the shape of a pyramid when the population is growing.	19
4863794516	Infant Mortality Rate	the number of deaths under one year of age occurring among the live births in a given geographical area during a given year, per 1,000 live births occurring among the population of the given geographical area during the same year.	20
4863794517	Child Mortality Rate	also known as under-5 mortality or child death, refers to the death of infants and children under the age of five or between the age of one month to four years depending on the definition	21
4863796578	Life Expectancy	the average period that a person may expect to live.	22
4863799271	Infectious diseases	disorders caused by organisms — such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites. Many organisms live in and on our bodies. They're normally harmless or even helpful, but under certain conditions, some organisms may cause disease. Some infectious diseases can be passed from person to person.	23
4863891247	Chronic Diseases	A chronic disease is one lasting 3 months or more, by the definition of the U.S. National Center for Health Statistics. Chronic diseases generally cannot be prevented by vaccines or cured by medication, nor do they just disappear.	24
4863900032	Genetic disorder	A genetic disorder is a genetic problem caused by one or more abnormalities in the genome, especially a condition that is present from birth (congenital). Most genetic disorders are quite rare and affect one person in every several thousands or millions.	25
4863906823	Endemic	(of a disease or condition) regularly found among particular people or in a certain area.	26
4863906824	Epidemic	a widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time.	27
4863908979	Pandemic	(of a disease) prevalent over a whole country or the world.	28
4863908980	Malaria	an intermittent and remittent fever caused by a protozoan parasite that invades the red blood cells. The parasite is transmitted by mosquitoes in many tropical and subtropical regions.	29
4863910453	AIDS	a disease in which there is a severe loss of the body's cellular immunity, greatly lowering the resistance to infection and malignancy.	30
4863912467	Expansive Population Policies	government policies that encourage large families.	31
4863913874	Eugenic Population Policies	Government policies designed to favor one racial sector over others.	32
4863918518	Restrictive Population Policies	government policies to reduce the rate of natural increase	33
4863920083	One-child Policy	The one-child policy was a policy implemented by the Chinese government as a method of controlling the population. The one-child policy was introduced in 1979 in response to an explosive population growth, and mandated that couples from China's Han majority could only have one child.	34