Chapter 16 Biology, 12th edition, by Mader and Windelspecht Flashcards

2929713635	population	a group of interbreeding or potentially interbreeding organisms (ex: members of one species)	0
2929757320	gene pool	all alleles carried by all individuals in a population	1
2929762782	allele frequency	the proportion of all alleles in a gene pool of any given type	2
2929766596	genotype frequency	the proportion of all genotypes in a gene pool of a given type	3
2929776098	Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium	a population in which allele frequencies do not change over time such as in the moth population- genetic equilibrium	4
2929791211	Hardy- Weinburg Principle	says that the genotype frequencies of a nonevolving population can be described by the expression p^2+2pq+q^2	5
2929824034	Hardy-Weinburg Principle	In the absence of external forces acting on a large, randomly-mating population: 1. The allele frequencies in the population will not change over time 2. The genotype frequencies will quickly reach an equilibrium where p= frq. A q=frq. a	6
2929852170	no mutation no migration a large gene pool random mating no selection	The Hardy- Weinberg Principle only applies if there is...	7
2929861713	mutation	change to the DNA sequence, which can serve as a source of new genetic variation	8
2929884677	rate of mutations	1/100,000	9
2929889913	gene flow	the movement of alleles between populations	10
2929893158	genetic drift	the change in the allele frequencies of a gene pool due to chance events. removes individuals, and their genes, from a population at random- without regard for genotype of phenotype	11
2929912398	reproductively isolated	incapable of interbreeding	12
2929949005	Stabilizing selection	when an intermediate phenotype is the most adaptive for the given environmental conditons	13
2930001862	Directional selection	when an extreme phenotype is favored, and the distribution curve shifts toward one extreme	14
2930019668	Disruptive selection	when two or more extreme phenotypes are favored over the intermediate phenotype	15
2930043246	sexual selection	the adaptive changes in males and females that lead to an increased ability to secure a mate	16
2930050291	fitness	the ability to produce surviving offspring	17
2930122605	sexual dimorphism	the males and females differ in size and other traits	18
2941646988	bottleneck effect	when you loose genetic diversity due to natural disasters	19
2941653407	founder effect	when genetic variation is lost when individuals break away from a large population to find a new population	20
2941665342	assortive mating	individuals chose a mate with a preferred trait	21
2941677075	polygenic	traits are controlled by multiple genes	22
2941682759	territory	an area that is defended against competitors	23