Evolution of Population Flashcards

1397344991	Gene pool	all genes, including all the different alleles, that are present in a population	0
1397344992	Directional selection	when individuals at one end of a distribution curve have higher fitness than indivduals in the middle or at the other end of the curve	1
1397344993	Stabilizing selection	when individuals near the center of a distribution curve have higher fitness than individuals at either end	2
1397344994	Disruptive selection	natural selection that favors individuals at either extreme of the ends of a distribution curve for a trait	3
1397344995	Genetic drift	a form of evolution that is caused by random change in allele frequencies, and that often occurs in small populations	4
1397344996	Founder effect	change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population	5
1397344997	Speciation	formation of a new species	6
1397344998	Reproductive isolation	separation of species or populations so that they cannot interbreed often results in speciation.	7
1397344999	Behavioral isolation	form of reproductive isolation in which two populations have differences in courtship rituals or other types of behavior that prevent them from interbreeding	8
1397345000	Geographic isolation	form of reproductive isolation in which two populations are separated physically by geographic barriers such as rivers, mountains, or stretches of water	9
1397345001	Temporal isolation	form of reproductive isolation in which two populations reproduce at different times	10
1397345002	Adaptive Radiation	when an ancestral species gives rise to many species to fit a number of different habitats	11
1397345003	Divergent Evolution	evolution that occurs when closely related species occupy different environments and develop different adaptations due to selection pressures	12
1397345004	Convergent Evolution	evolution that occurs when distantly related species occupy similar environments and develop similar adaptations due to selection pressures	13
1397345005	Homo neanderthalensis	lived 200,000-24,000 years ago. Large brain. Buried their dead. Possibly had a language. (Went extinct about 24,000 years ago).	14
1397345007	Population	Group of one species that interbreed and live in the same place at the same time.	15
1397345008	Hominids	Primates that can walk upright.	16
1397345009	Homo	the genus that humans belong to.	17
1397345010	Fumarase deficiency	genetic disorder that is increasing in the Southern Utah polygamist community due to genetic drift.	18
1397345011	Species	group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring	19
1397345012	Gradualism	idea that evolution occurs slowly but steadily	20
1397345013	Punctuated equilibrium	pattern of evolution in which long stable periods are interrupted by brief periods of more rapid change	21
1397345014	Fitness	ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment	22
1397345015	Phenotype	The physical traits that appear in an individual as a result of its gentic make up.	23
1397345016	Genotype	the genetic makeup of an organism	24
1397345017	Alleles	alternative versions of a gene	25
1397345018	Graph of Directional Selection		26