Egyptian Civ A second center of civilization emerged along the Nile River in N. Africa around 3000 B.C.E. Egyptian civ. benefited from trade and tech. influence of Mesopotamia, but produced a very different society and culture. Less open to invasion, Egypt retained a unified state for most of its history. The pharaoh wielded immense power, and appointed viziers to administer govt throughout the land. A View of Egypt by Satellite The Fertile Nile Valley The Annual Flooding of the Nile Nile Irrigation-the Shaduf Ancient Egyptian History Periods Time Frame Nile Culture Begins 3900 B. C. E. Archaic 3100 ? 2650 B. C. E. Old Kingdom 2650 ? 2134 B. C. E. Middle Kingdom 2040 ? 1640 B. C. E. New Kingdom 1550 ? 1070 B. C. E. Late Period 750 ? 332 B. C. E. Greek Ptolemaic Era