Chapter 5 ? Civil Liberties civil liberties? The personal guarantees and freedoms that the federal government cannot abridge by law, constitution, or judicial interpretation civil rights? The government-protected rights of individuals against arbitrary or discriminatory treatment The First Constitutional Amendments: The Bill of Rights state constitutions and personal liberties in 1787? state constitutions protected citizens? freedom of speech, religion, from unreasonable searches and seizures, and trial by a jury the concerns of the Anti-Federalists? will the national government protect their civil liberties? when was the Bill of Rights ratified? 1791 Bill of Rights? the first 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution; largely guarantee specific rights & liberties