AP World History- Chapter 20- Worlds Apart: The America's And Oceania Flashcards

1115808640	Teotihuacan	● The largest early city in Mesoamerica	0
1115808641	Mexica/Aztec	● Group of migrants drawn to central Mexico from northwestern regions ● Dominated the alliance that built Aztec empire in the 15th century ● Had reputation for making trouble by kidnapping women from nearby communities and and seizing land already cultivated by others	1
1115808642	Calendars	● Developed by Aztecs ● Solar year consisted of 365 days ● Ritual year consisted of 260 days	2
1115808643	Huitzilopochitli	● Mexican deity ● Taken as patron deity by warriors in the early years of the 14th century ● Military success persuaded Mexica that he especially favored them, and as military success mounted, the priests of his cult demanded sacrificial victims to keep the war god appeased	3
1115808644	Cahokia	● Cosmopolitan city containing the largest surviving mound ● At its height from 900-1250 CE	4
1115812258	Tenochtitlan	● Cosmopolitan city built by the Aztecs in 1345 ● Eventually became their capital ● Surrounded Lake Texcoco ● On top of which, Spanish conquerors built Mexico City	5
1115829164	Allyus	● The traditional form of communities in the Andes	6
1115856000	Mummification	● Descendants mummified royal remains and regarded departed kings as intermediaries with the gods ● Process that preserves a dead body	7
1115933094	Chichèn Itza	● Large pre-columbian society built by the Mayan civilization	8
1115933095	Chinampa	● Method of agriculture that involved small, rectangular areas of fertile land to grow crops in shallow areas of Lake Texcoco	9
1115944047	Confederation	● an organization that consists of a number of parties or groups united in an alliance or league.	10
1115999931	Calpulli	● Community groups in the Mexica civilization	11
1115999932	Quetzalcóatl	● Principal god of the Aztec religion ● Had a reputation for supporting arts, crafts, and agriculture ● Also known as "the Feathered Serpent"	12
1115999933	Pueblos	● Society that lived in modern day Southwestern America ● Constructed adobe buildings	13
1115999934	Matriarchy	● A society or government ruled by women or woman	14
1115999935	Cuzco	● Administrative, religious, and ceremonial center of the Inca Empire ● Considered "the naval of the universe"	15
1115999936	Quipu	● Incan mnemonic aid comprised of different colored strings and knots that served to record events in the absence of a written text	16
1115999937	High Point of the Toltec Empire	● 950-1150 CE ● Supported a population that might have reached 60,000 people ● Built a compact regional empire and maintained fortresses far to the northwest to protect their state from invasion by nomadic people	17
1116254344	Collapse of the Toltec Empire	● 1175 ● Combination of civil conflict and nomadic incursion had destroyed the Toltec Empire	18
1116254345	Inca Settlement Near Cuzco	● Originally a modest village, but Pachacuti soon transformed it ● Eventually became the administrative, religious, and ceremonial center of the Inca Empire	19
1116254346	Foundation of Tenochtitlan by the Mexica	● 1345 ● Mexica settled on an island in a marshy region of Lake Texcoco and founded the city that would soon become their capital	20
1116254347	Emergence of the Five Iroquois Nations	● 1000-1400 ● Owasco people had established a distinct society in what is now New York ● By about 1400, the five Iroquois nations emerged from the Owasco society	21
1116254348	Reign of the Aztec Ruler Itzcoatl	● 1428-1440 ●Advanced first against the Oaxaca in southwestern Mexico	22
1116254349	Reign of the Aztec Ruler Motecuzoma I	● 1440-1469 ● Advanced first against Oaxaca ● After conquering Oaxaca and slaying most of its inhabitants, they populated the city with colonists	23
1116254350	Reign of the Aztec Ruler Motecuzoma II	● 1502-1520 ● Ill-fated ruler of the Aztec Empire when Spanish invaders appeared in 1519 ● Originally a priest of a popular Mexican cult	24
1116254351	Arrival of Spanish Conquerors in Mexico	● 1519 ● Europeans arrive in Mexico	25
1116254352	Beginning of Population Growth in the Pacific Islands	● After the 14th century ● Number of Pacific Islanders increased	26
1116254353	Beginning of Two Way Voyages Between Hawaii and Tahiti and the Marquesas Islands	● 12 and 13 centuries CE ● a series of voyages linked Hawaii and Tahiti to the Marquesas Islands ● Memories of these voyages survive in oral traditions	27
1116254354	Emergence of Distinct Social Classes and Chiefly States	● 13 century ● Expanding populations prompted residents to develop increasingly complex social classes ● Distinct classes emerged as aristocratic and ruling elites decided the course of public affairs in their societies	28
1116254355	Construction of Fishponds in Hawaii	● 14 century ● Inhabitants of Hawaii built ingenious Fishponds that allowed small fry to swim from the ocean through narrow gates into rock enclosed spaces that prevented larger fish from escaping	29