American Pageant Chapter 18 Key Terms/People to Know Flashcards

3636177882	Lewis Cass	Democratic Candidate selected for the election of 1848. He was a veteran of the War of 1812 and an experienced senator and diplomat.	0
3636177883	Popular Sovereignty	The doctrine that stated that it was up to each individual state on the issue of slavery--the federal government should not decide that for them. This was established by Lewis Cass, making his views on slavery well-known, even though his party did not officially have any views.	1
3636177884	Zachary Taylor	The Whig party's nomination for the presidency in 1848	2
3636177885	Free Soil Party	The party that advocated complete abolition of slavery in the new territories and all states, attracting a variety of followers.	3
3636177886	California Gold Rush	The 1849 influx of settlers in California who were seeking gold.	4
3636177887	Seventh of March speech	Daniel Webster's speech in congress in 1850 that advocated compromise over the issue of slavery, strengthening Union sentiment	5
3636177888	William H. Seward	The freshman senator from New York who spoke against both secession and slavery , not using the power of compromise.	6
3636177889	Millard Fillmore	Taylor's vice president who took over as the 13th president of the US after Taylor's death	7
3636177890	Compromise of 1850	Act of congress ordering that California was admitted as a free state, Texas gave up its claims to tracts of New Mexico (was paid for it), New Mexico and Utah would be slave states when admitted, and a more stringent fugitive-slave law was passed.	8
3636177891	fire-eaters	Southerners in favor of secession who announced the convention in Nashville to discuss leaving the union.	9
3636177892	Fugitive Slave Law	The "Bloodhound Bill" of 1850 that took away many rights from blacks and made whites who helped runaway slaves liable to fines and imprisonment.	10
3636177893	Franklin Pierce	The Democratic candidates in the 1852 election,a second Dark Horse, being an unknown lawyer from New Hampshire	11
3636177894	Winfield Scott	Hero of the war with Mexico, he was the Whig's candidate in the 1852 election whose defeat effectively ended the Whig party.	12
3636177895	Clayton-Bulwer Treaty	The 1850 treaty that prevented both the US and Britain from seeking complete control of the Central American isthmus	13
3636177896	William Walker	American adventurer who seized Nicaragua and opened it to slavery, but was overthrown by other South American governments and killed.	14
3636177897	Black Warrior	the American Steamship that was seized by Cubans which sparked conflict between the two countries	15
3636177898	Ostend Manifesto	The proclamation that the US would pay $120 million for Cuba, and if Spain refused the US would be justified in taking it if it threatened the US, but the proclamation was dropped by Pierce.	16
3636177899	Opium War	A war between China and Britain that resulted in Britain's right to sell opium in China, causing the US to want to catch up in the Pacific market	17
3636177900	Treaty of Wanghia	The first formal diplomatic agreement between the US and China, it gave the US "most favored nation" status in China, granting them any trading rights.	18
3636177901	Caleb Cushing	American diplomat who negotiated the Treaty of Wanghia with China.	19
3636177902	Matthew Perry	American negotiator to Japan who negotiated the Treaty of Kanagawa	20
3636177903	Treaty of Kanagawa	American treaty with Japan that cracked their isolationism of several centuries.	21
3636177904	Gadsden Purchase	Cession of land by Mexico to the US for $10 million that provided a viable railroad rout from Houston to Los Angeles	22
3636177905	Kansas-Nebraska Act	Separated the unorganized territory of Nebraska into two parts, allowing each to chose their position on slavery by popular sovereignty, while repealing the Missouri Compromise	23