Inheritance Flashcards

3934929287	Nucleotide	Building blocks that make up DNA, made from a sugar, phosphate and base molecule.	0
3934929288	Base	Adenine, Thymine, Guanine or Cytosine. The steps on the twisted ladder.	1
3934929289	Amino Acid	Cell building blocks that make up proteins	2
3934929397	DNA	a self replicating material which carries genetic information	3
3934931035	Chromosome	objects found in the nucleus of a cell that carry genetic information	4
3934931036	Mitosis	cell division creating identical daughter cells	5
3934931037	Meiosis	cell division creating sex cells	6
3934931038	Sex Cell	Cells containing 23 single chromosomes	7
3934932601	Double Helix	A structure like a twisted ladder	8
3934932602	Gene	a segment of DNA made up of thousands of bases, which codes for a particular protein or characteristic.	9
3934932603	Genome	The whole of an organisms genetic information	10
3934932604	Protein	Larger structures made of amino acids used for specific purposes in the body, e.g. haemoglobin which transports oxygen.	11
3934932665	Mutation	An error in a gene created by a bad copy or exposure to radiation or harmful chemicals.	12
3934934724	Dominant	A stronger gene which will mask the effects of a recessive gene.	13
3934934725	Recessive	A gene whose effects will be masked by a dominant gene.	14
3934934726	Alleles	Each organism has two copies of a gene, one from each parent.	15
3934934761	Homozygous	Organism with two of the SAME alleles.	16
3934936958	Heterozygous	Organism with two DIFFERENT alleles.	17
3935226271	Genotype	The type of genes in an organism	18
3935228663	Phenotype	What an organism looks like/ physical appearance	19
3935244358	X-Linked	When there is only one copy of a gene on the X chromosome, and no second copy on the Y chromosome. Also called sex-linked.	20
3966800862	Incomplete dominance	Neither gene is dominant and their effect is blended	21
3966803244	Co-dominance	Both genes are dominant	22
3966804845	Pedigree	A chart used to track genes through generations.	23