Biochemistry Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images [1]
| 5093850457 | Atom | The smallest unit of ordinary matter that has the properties of a chemical element. |  | 0 |
| 5093850458 | Molecule | The smallest particle in a chemical element or compound. These particles are made up of two or more atoms that are held together by chemical bonds. |  | 1 |
| 5093850459 | Covalent bond | A chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. |  | 2 |
| 5093850460 | Ionic bond | A type of chemical bond that involves the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions. |  | 3 |
| 5093850461 | Hydrogen bond | The attractive force between the hydrogen attached to an electronegative atom of one molecule and an electronegative atom of a different molecule. |  | 4 |
| 5093850462 | Macromolecule | A very large molecule, such as protein, commonly created by polymerization of smaller subunits (monomers). They are sometimes composed of thousands or more atoms. |  | 5 |
| 5093850463 | Organelle | Structures with specialized functions suspended in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell. |  | 6 |
| 5093850464 | Tissue | Distinct types of material which make up organisms and consist of specialized cells and their products. |  | 7 |
| 5093850467 | Carbohydrate | A biological molecule consisting of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atoms. Examples are sugar, cellulose, chitin and starch. |  | 8 |
| 5093850468 | Nucleic acid | A large biological molecule made up of nucleotides. Examples are DNA and RNA. |  | 9 |
| 5093850469 | Protein | A large biological molecule composed of one or more long chains of amino acids. Examples include all enzymes, collagen, keratin, insulin, immunoglobulins, muscle fibers. |  | 10 |
| 5093850470 | Lipid | A large biological molecule made up of fatty acids that are not soluble water. Examples include fats, waxes, and cholesterol. |  | 11 |
| 5093859308 | Isotope | each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, and hence differ in relative atomic mass but not in chemical properties; in particular, a radioactive form of an element. |  | 12 |
| 5093864050 | Isomer | each of two or more compounds with the same formula but a different arrangement of atoms in the molecule and different properties. |  | 13 |
| 5093876521 | Enzyme | a protein produced by a living organism that acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction. |  | 14 |
| 5093881235 | Monomer | a subunit of a bigger molecule, a molecule that can be bonded to other identical molecules to form a polymer. |  | 15 |
| 5093892600 | Polymer | a substance that has a molecular structure consisting chiefly or entirely of a large number of similar units bonded together, e.g., many synthetic organic materials used as plastics and resins. | | 16 |
| 5093899660 | Element | each of more than one hundred substances that cannot be chemically interconverted or broken down into simpler substances. |  | 17 |