biochemistry Flashcards
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| 3871450002 | Atom | The smallest unit of ordinary matter that has the properties of a chemical element. |  | 0 |
| 3871450003 | Molecule | The smallest particle in a chemical element or compound. These particles are made up of two or more atoms that are held together by chemical bonds. |  | 1 |
| 3871450499 | Covalent bond | A chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. |  | 2 |
| 3871450500 | Ionic bond | A type of chemical bond that involves the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions. |  | 3 |
| 3871450936 | Hydrogen bond | The attractive force between the hydrogen attached to an electronegative atom of one molecule and an electronegative atom of a different molecule. |  | 4 |
| 3871451389 | Macromolecule | A very large molecule, such as protein, commonly created by polymerization of smaller subunits (monomers). They are sometimes composed of thousands or more atoms. |  | 5 |
| 3871451390 | Organelle | Structures with specialized functions suspended in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell. |  | 6 |
| 3871452218 | Tissue | Distinct types of material which make up organisms and consist of specialized cells and their products. |  | 7 |
| 3880034482 | Organ system | A group of organs that work together to perform one or more functions. |  | 8 |
| 3871453833 | Atom, molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism | Name the levels in the hierarchy of life from atoms to organisms. |  | 9 |
| 3871454287 | Nucleic acid | A large biological molecule made up of nucleotides. Examples are DNA and RNA which store genetic information. |  | 10 |
| 3871454526 | Protein | A large biological molecule composed of one or more long chains of amino acids. They carry out most of the functions in a cell and are the primary component of the cells structure. Examples include all enzymes, collagen, keratin, insulin, immunoglobulins, muscle fibers. |  | 11 |
| 3871454286 | Carbohydrate | A biological molecule consisting of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atoms. They provide short term energy storage and provide unique identification for cells. Examples are sugar, cellulose, chitin and starch. |  | 12 |
| 3871454527 | Lipid | A large biological molecule made up of fatty acids that are not soluble water. Is the main component of cell membranes and provides long term energy storage. Examples include fats, waxes, and cholesterol. |  | 13 |