Biochemistry Flashcards
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| 5356287001 | Atom | Smallest unit of an element |  | 0 |
| 5356287002 | Element | A pure substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical or physical means |  | 1 |
| 5356287003 | Valence Electron | Electrons on the outermost energy level of an atom |  | 2 |
| 5356287004 | Compound | A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds |  | 3 |
| 5356287005 | Ion | A charged atom |  | 4 |
| 5356287006 | Cohesion | Attraction between molecules of the same substance |  | 5 |
| 5356287007 | Adhesion | An attraction between molecules of different substances | | 6 |
| 5356287008 | Solution | A mixture that forms when one substance dissolves another. |  | 7 |
| 5356287009 | Acid | A compound that produces hydrogen ions in a solution. A substance that tastes sour, reacts with metals and carbonates, and turns blue litmus red. |  | 8 |
| 5356287010 | Base | A substance that tastes bitter, feels slippery, and turns red litmus paper blue. Decreases H+ concentration. |  | 9 |
| 5356287011 | pH | Scale that measures how acidic or basic a substance is. |  | 10 |
| 5356287012 | Solvent | A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances |  | 11 |
| 5356287013 | Solute | A substance that is dissolved in a solution. |  | 12 |
| 5356287014 | Carbohydrate | Class of nutrients that includes sugars and starches |  | 13 |
| 5356287015 | Lipid | Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. |  | 14 |
| 5356287016 | Protein | An organic compound that is made of one or more chains of amino acids and that is a principal component of all cells |  | 15 |
| 5356287017 | Amino Acid | Building blocks of proteins |  | 16 |
| 5356287018 | Nucleic Acid | Stores and transmits genetic information |  | 17 |
| 5356287019 | Nucleotide | Building block of DNA |  | 18 |
| 5356287020 | Energy | The ability to do work |  | 19 |
| 5356287021 | Reactant | A chemical substance that is present at the start of a chemical reaction |  | 20 |
| 5356287022 | Product | A substance produced in a chemical reaction |  | 21 |
| 5356287023 | Active Site | the site on an enzyme that attaches to a substrate |  | 22 |
| 5356287024 | Enzyme | A type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing |  | 23 |
| 5356287025 | Substrate | A substance on which an enzyme acts during a chemical reaction. | | 24 |
| 5356287026 | Molecule | A group of atoms held together by covalent bonds. |  | 25 |
| 5356287027 | Ionic bond | A chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions. | 26 | |
| 5356287028 | Isotope | Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons | 27 | |
| 5356287029 | Nucleus | A region that is located at the center of an atom and contains most of the atom's mass (protons and neutrons) | 28 |