Chapter 26: Tradition and Change in East Asia Flashcards

5975337927	Matteo Ricci	Roman Catholic missionary, founder of the Jesuits, brought self-chiming clock to the emperor	0
5975337928	Wanli	The emperor that granted Matteo Ricci permission to travel to Beijing	1
5975337929	Qing Dynasty	Manchus of nomadic origin, worked to promote Chinese tradition, deeply conservative	2
5975337930	Ming Dynasty	Restored native rule to China when the Yuan dynasty collapsed	3
5975337931	Hongwu	Founder of the Ming dynasty	4
5975337932	Eunuchs	Imperial officials that encouraged the idea that families could not be generated to challenge imperial power	5
5975337933	Yongle	Launched naval expeditions through the Indian Ocean, moved the capital from Nanjing to Beijing	6
5975337934	Great Wall	Built by the Ming to protect them along the northern border	7
5975337935	Manchu	Invaded north China in search of opportunities for expansion, captured Ming in the capital of Beijing	8
5975337936	Nurhaci	Ambitious chieftain; unified Manchu tribes into a centralized state, promulgated a code of laws, and organized a powerful military force	9
5975337937	Kangxi	Confucian scholar & enlightened ruler, believed in agriculture, conquerer	10
5975337938	Qianlong	Kangxi's grandson, continued expansion into Central Asia, ruled during the height of the Qing dynasty	11
5975337939	Son of Heaven	The human being designated by heavenly powers to maintain order on earth	12
5975337940	Analects of Confucius	Confucian curriculum that young students were expected to be familiar with	13
5975337941	Civil service examinations	Students studied for these by reading commentaries, histories, and literary works, taken for the purpose of working in bureaucratic service	14
5975337942	Filial piety	Implied duties if children toward their fathers and loyalty of subjects to the emperor	15
5975337943	Foot binding	Weirdly sexual, also example of class because it meant that women didn't have to perform physical labor, means of finding a good husband	16
5975337944	Population growth	1500 there were 100 million and 160 million in 1600, 225 by 1750	17
5975337945	Zheng He	Eunuch admiral, led a series of seven maritime expeditions	18
5975337946	Zhu Xi	Twelfth-century scholar that articulated neo-Confucianism; combined the moral, ethical, and political values of Confucius with the logical rigor and speculative power of Buddhist philosophy	19
5975337947	Yongle Encyclopedia	A vast collection of Chinese philosophical, literary, and historical texts that filled almost twenty-three thousand scrolls	20
5975337948	Collection of Books	Written by Kangxi, Smaller than the Yongle Encyclopedia, more influential because it was published by an emperor and was distributed	21
5975337949	Complete Library of Four Treasuries	Qianlong's version of published book, distributed in seven libraries across China	22
5975337950	Popular Novels	The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, The Dream of the Chamber, Journey of the West	23
5975337951	Jesuits	Missionaries that worked to strengthen Catholicism in Europe and to spread the faith abroad	24
5975337952	The True Meaning of the Lord of Heaven	Book by Ricci that argued that the doctrines of Confucius and Jesus were similar	25
5975337953	Tokugawa	Japanese form of government that Sought to lay a foundation for long-term political and social stability, supported neo-Confucian studies	26
5975337954	Shogun	Military govenor	27
5975337955	Sengoku	The country at war	28
5975337956	Tokugawa Ieyasu	Established Tokugawa Bakufu military government	29
5975337957	Bakufu	Tent government, meant to be temporary	30
5975337958	Daiymo	"Great names," powerful territorial lords who ruled most of Japan	31
5975337959	Neo-Confucianism	Emphasis on filial piety, loyalty to superiors, formal education	32
5975337960	Ukiyo	Floating worlds	33
5975337961	The Life of a Man Who Lived for Love	Ihara Saikaku, book about a man and his quest for sexual pleasure	34
5975337962	Kabuki	Theater containing several acts consisting of lively skits with acting, singing, dancing, and spectacular staging	35
5975337963	Bunraku	Puppet theater	36
5975337964	Francis Xavier	Jesuit that opened a mission in Japan to seek converts to Christianity	37
5975337965	Christovao Ferreira	Head of Jesuit mission in Japan who gave up Christianity in torture and adopted Buddhism	38
5975337966	Dutch learning	The effort of Japanese students to learn Dutch in order to communicate with foreigners	39