Psychology Flashcards

Advanced Placement Psychology
Enterprise High School, Redding, CA
All terms from Myers Psychology for AP (BFW Worth, 2011)

Terms : Hide Images [1]

5163756540	psychotherapy	treatment involving psychological techniques; consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth.	0
5163756541	psychoanalysis	Freud's theory of personality and therapeutic technique that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts. Freud believed the patient's free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences—and the therapist's interpretations of them—released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight.	1
5163756542	resistance	in psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material.	2
5163756543	interpretation	in psychoanalysis, the analyst's noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight.	3
5163756544	transference	A patient's tendency to respond to the analyst or therapist in ways that re-create her responses to major figures in her life.	4
5163756545	psychodynamic therapy	therapy deriving from the psychoanalytic tradition that views individuals as responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and that seeks to enhance self-insight.	5
5163756546	unconditional positive regard	a caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, which Carl Rogers believed would help clients to develop self-awareness and self-acceptance.	6
5163756547	behavior therapy	therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors.	7
5163756548	counterconditioning	a behavior therapy procedure that uses classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; includes exposure therapies and aversive conditioning.	8
5163756549	exposure therapy	behavioral techniques, such as systematic desensitization, that treat anxieties by exposing people (in imagination or actuality) to the things they fear and avoid.	9
5163756550	systematic desensitization	a type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias.	10
5163756551	virtual reality exposure therapy	An anxiety treatment that progressively exposes people to simulations of their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking.	11
5163756552	token economy	A behavioral therapy technique based on operant conditioning in which patients' positive behaviors are reinforced with tokens that they can exchange for desirable items.	12
5163756553	cognitive-behavioral therapy	a popular integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior).	13
5163756554	Tourettes syndrome	physical and vocal tic	14
5163756555	biomedical therapy	prescribed medications or medical procedures that act directly on the patient's nervous system.	15
5163756556	psychopharmacology	the study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior	16
5163756557	antianxiety drugs	drugs used to control anxiety and agitation	17
5163756558	antidepressant drugs	drugs used to treat depression; also increasingly prescribed for anxiety. Different types work by altering the availability of various neurotransmitters	18
5163756559	eletroconvulsive therapy (ECT)	A somatic treatment, mostly used for cases of severe depression, in which a brief electric current is passed through the brain to produce a convulsive seizure.	19
5163756560	psychosurgery	Neurosurgery performed to alleviate manifestations of mental disorders that cannot be alleviated using psychotherapy, medication, or other standard treatments.	20
5163756561	subsyndromal disorder	An instance of a mental disorder in which someone does show symptoms, but not at a level of intensity, frequency, or duration that would justify a formal diagnosis.	21
5163756562	cultural competence	An understanding of how a patient's cultural background shapes his beliefs, values, and expectations for therapy.	22
5163756563	psychodynamic approaches	Approaches to therapy that are derived from psychoanalytic theory, which asserts that clinical symptoms arise from unconscious conflicts rooted in childhood.	23
5163756564	interpersonal therapy (IPT)	A form of therapy focused on helping the patient understand how she interacts with others and then learn better ways of interacting and communicating.	24
5163756565	humanistic approach	An approach to therapy centered around the idea that people must take responsibility for their lives and actions.	25
5163756566	client-centered therapy	A form of humanistic therapy associated with Carl Rogers, in which the therapist's genuineness, unconditional positive regard, and empathic understanding are crucial to therapeutic success.	26
5163756567	motivational-enhancement therapy	A brief, non-confrontational, client- centered therapy designed to change specific problematic behaviors such as alcohol or drug use.	27
5163756568	Gestalt therapy	A form of humanistic therapy associated with Fritz Perls that aims to help the patient integrate inconsistent aspects of herself into a coherent whole by increasing self- awareness and self-acceptance.	28
5163756569	experiential therapies	A family of therapies that seek to create an empathic and accepting therapeutic atmosphere, while challenging the patient to deepen his experience.	29
5163756570	contingency management	A form of behavior therapy in which certain behaviors are reliably followed by well-defined consequences.	30
5163756571	rational emotive behavioral therapy	A form of cognitive therapy associated with Albert Ellis, in which the therapist actively challenges the patient's irrational beliefs.	31
5163756572	cognitive therapy	An approach to therapy that tries to change some of the patient's habitual modes of thinking about herself, her situation, and her future.	32
5163756573	cognitive restructuring	A set of cognitive therapy techniques for changing a person's maladaptive beliefs or interpretations through persuasion and confrontation.	33
5163756574	eclecticism	An approach to treatment that deliberately weaves together multiple types and forms of therapy.	34
5163756575	psychotropic drugs	Medications that control, or at least moderate, the manifestations of some mental disorders.	35
5163756576	efficacy	Whether a therapeutic intervention works under carefully controlled conditions.	36
5163756577	clinical utility	Whether a therapeutic intervention works under real- world conditions.	37
5163762868	Agoraphobia	Fear of open spaces	38
5163764438	Bipolar disorder	alternates between mania and depression	39
5163767345	Pica Disorder	appetite for none nutritional substances such as clay or rocks	40
5163770956	ADHD	attention issues- acts impulsively	41
5163774103	Schizophrenia	delusions and hallucinations	42
5163776037	PTSD	flash backs to traumatic events in earlier life	43
5163779103	OCD	repeated mental thoughts and behaviors	44
5163780823	antisocial personality disorder	lack of emotional regard for others	45
5163784176	anorexia nervosa	starve or exercise themselves to 85% below normal body weight	46
5163787421	Autism spectrum disorder	social deficits and communication issues	47
5163788493	hoarding disorder	unwillingness to disgard objects	48
5163792281	Illness anxiety disorder	formerly hypochondria	49