Miller and Levine Biology Chapter 13.1 Assessment Flashcards

4120368280	1.a. Describe three main differences between RNA and DNA	RNA contains the sugar ribose instead of deoxyribose, is generally single-stranded rather than double-stranded, and contains uracil instead of thymine.	0
4120372462	b. List the three main types of RNA, and explain what they do.	Messenger RNA carries instructions for polypeptide synthesis from DNA in the nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm. Ribosomal RNA forms an important part of both subunits of a ribosome, where proteins are assembled. transfer RNA carries amino acids to a ribosome and matches them to the coded mRNA message.	1
4120376076	c. Why is it important for a single gene to be able to produce hundreds of thousands of the same RNA molecules?	Proteins must be continuously synthesized in the cell, so the instructions coded in genes must be used over and over again. Therefore, a single gene must be able to produce hundreds or thousands of the same RNA molecules for protein synthesis.	2
4120377479	2. a. Describe what happens during transcription	During transcription, the enzyme	3
4120381860	b. What do you think would happen if introns were not removed from pre-mRNA?		4
4120393143	3. An RNA molecule is looking for a job in a protein synthesis factory. It asks you to write its resume. This RNA molecule is not yet specialized and could, with some structural changes, function as mRNA, rRNA, or tRNA. Write a resume for this molecule that reflects the capabilities of RNA.		5