Ap world history Flashcards

2729465042	Neolitihic era	"New Stone Age" marked the advancement in human technique throughout several areas needed to live	0
2729465043	Agricultural transition	Paleolithic experiments with cultivation to early agricultural societies in the Neolithic era. Important in recognizing the advancement in agriculture throughout human society.	1
2729465044	Slash and burn	One of earliest methods known in cultivating agriculture	2
2729465045	Jericho	City located near Jordan River. One of earliest known Neolithic villages.	3
2729465046	Catal huyuk	Large Neolithic site. Near modern day Turkey (Anatolia). Relevant because it was close to large obsidian deposits.	4
2729465047	Specialization of labor	Segmentation of various specific roles or duties in order for a greater task to be completed. Occurred due to large numbers of inhabitants in villages.	5
2729465048	Textiles	A cloth or fabric. Vital to agricultural society.	6
2729465049	Social distinction	The classification of people in a society (an example would be hierarchical status).	7
3580222957	Epic of Gilgamesh	Greatest hero figure of ancient Mesopotamia (fifth king of the city of Uruk)	8
3580222958	Mesopotamia	Nicknamed "land between the rivers" the rivers being the Tigris and Euphrates.	9
3580222959	Sumer/Sumerians	Southern region of Mesopotamia.	10
3580222960	Tigris and Euphrates	Rivers that were located outside Mesopotamia	11
3580222961	Ziggurat	Rectangular stepped tower that could be found in Mesopotamia	12
3580222962	Akkad/Akkadian	Ancient Semitic empire centered around Akkad	13
3580222963	Hammurabi's Code	Babylonian code of law in ancient Mesopotamia	14
3580222964	Assyrians	Inhabitants of ancient Assyria	15
3580222965	New Babylonia	Period is Mesopotamian history in which Akkadian ruled	16
3580222966	Bronze metallurgy	Made from copper and tin. Very useful in the construction of weapons or agricultural equipment	17
3580222967	Iron		18
3584667413	Cuneiform	Style of writing in ancient Mesopotamian times	19
3584667414	Hebrews/Israelites/ Jews	One of the best examples of Mesopotamian influence	20
3584667415	Palestine	Geographic region in Western Asia between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River	21
3584667416	Israel	Middle eastern country located on Mediterranean Sea	22
3584667417	Judea	Biblical, Roman, and modern name of the mountainous southern part of Palestine	23
3584667418	Ten Commandments	laws given to Moses by God on Mount Sina	24
3584667419	Torah	law of God as shown to Moses and are recorded in the first five books of the Hebrew scriptures	25
3584667420	Phoenicians	a member of a Semitic people inhabiting ancient Phoenicia and its colonies	26
3584667421	Indo-European	Language family that is spoken throughout much of Europe and Asia	27
3584667422	Hittites	One of the most influential Indo-European migrants in ancient times	28
3586103417	Egypt	Most prominent of early African societies, and also one of the two main societies in sub-Saharan Africa which claimed an agriculture lifestyle	29
3586103418	Nubia	With Egypt, attempted to replicate many of the Mesopotamian ways.	30
3586103419	Nile	Main source of water flowing in North Africa	31
3586103420	Menes	Ambitious minor official from southern Egypt. Rose to power and spread his influence north to the delta. Founder of Memphis.	32
3586103421	Pharoah	Egyptian King. Claimed to be gods on the earth and intended to rule everything.	33
3586103422	Pyramids	Most enduring symbols of Pharaohs authority and divine power	34
3586103423	Kush	formidable and wealthy state that dominated the upper reaches of the Nile and occasionally threatened southern Egypt	35
3586103424	Hyksos	Foreigners from southwest Asia. Horse riding nomads that introduced horses to Egypt and their horse drawn chariots	36
3586103425	Hieroglyphics	Egyptian writing that told stories in certain images or shapes	37
3586103426	Bantu	One of the most influential of Sub-Saharan people.	38
3593958301	Harappan Society	Named after Harappa (one of its two cities). Developed in the valley of the river (Indus).	39
3593958302	Indus River	Draws from rain and snow from melting mountains. Made agricultural society possible in northern society	40
3593958303	Harappa	One of the two cities located within the Harappan society.	41
3593958304	Mohenjo-Daro	Had city walls, a fortified citadel, and a large granary, suggesting that it served as a center of political authority and sites for the collection and redistribution of taxes paid in the form of grain (just like Harappa)	42
3593958305	Aryans	A herding people who spoke an Indo-European language and migrated to South Asia after 1500 B.C.E	43
3593958306	Dravidians	Native people of India who were invaded by the foreign Aryans	44
3593958307	Vedas/Vedic age	Collections of hymns, songs, prayers, and rituals honoring the various gods of the Aryans.	45
3593958308	Caste system	Class structure that determines someone's social identity since birth.	46
3593958309	Varna	A Sanskrit word meaning ,"color". Refers to major social classes.	47
3593958310	Jati	Sub-caste created because complex hierarchical system	48
3593958311	Indra	Aryan God of war and military hero.	49
3593958312	Upanishads	Means "sitting in front of" and refers to the practice of disciples gathering before a sage for discussion of religious issues.	50
3593958313	Brahman	Eternal, unchanging, permanent foundation for all things that exist	51
3593958314	Samsara	Doctrine that stated that upon death, individual souls go temporarily to the World of the Fathers and then return to earth in a new incarnation	52
3593958315	Karma	Doctrine that accounted for specific incarnations that souls experienced	53
3593958316	Dharma	Principle of cosmic order.	54
3593958317	Moksha	Release from the cycle of rebirth impelled by karma.	55
3596613784	Yellow River	Approximately 2,920 miles in size and borders the high plateau of Tibet. It causes much damage to communities and lands.	56
3596613785	Yangzi River	Supports more intensive agriculture than what is possible in the Yellow River.	57
3598786279	Xia Dynasty	First ruling house of ancient China brought to existence by Yu. Attempted to make public life in China possible on a larger scale.	58
3598786280	Shang Dynasty	Arose in the regions south/east of Xia Dynasty.	59
3598786281	Zhou Dynasty	Successor of the Shang Dynasty as the preeminent political authority in northern China.	60
3598786282	Mandate of Heaven	Assumption made from the Zhou theory stating that earthly events were closely related to heavenly affairs.	61
3598786283	Period of the Warring states	Frequent wars between the 8 states that divided the Zhou Dynasty.	62
3598786284	Book of songs	Oldest existing collection of Chinese poetry.	63
3606007588	Olmec	Member of a prehistoric people inhabiting the coast of Veracruz and western Tabasco on the Gulf of Mexico, who established what was probably the first Meso-American civilization.	64
3606007589	Maya	Earliest heirs of the Olmecs, also created a society in the region now occupied by southern Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, and El Salvador	65
3606007590	Tikal	most important Maya political center between the fourth and the ninth centuries C.E. At its height, Tikal was a wealthy and busy city with a population approaching forty thousand.	66
3606007591	Chichen itza	Chichén Itzá organized a loose empire that brought a measure of political stability to the northern Yucatan.	67
3606007592	Teotihuacan	Large agricultural village. Home to almost two hundred thousand in- habitants, a thriving metropolis with scores of temples, several palatial residences, neighborhoods with small apartments for the masses, busy markets, and hundreds of workshops for artisans and craftsmen.	68
3606007593	Chavin cult	Named after the modern day city of Chavin de huantar. Theories suggest that its emergence came just as maize propelled into society.	69
3606007594	Mochica	Was based in the Moche River. Dominated the coasts and valleys of northern Peru during the periods of 300-700 B.C.E	70
3606007595	Austronesians	Earliest inhabitants of New Guinea. Possessed amazing seafaring skills.	71
3606007596	Polynesians	Related to the Austronesian language.	72