AP Language: Argument Terms Flashcards

4900033688	Fact claim	the claim is either true or false	0
4900033689	value claim	the claim is good/bad; right/wrong; etc.	1
4900033690	policy claim	the claim encourages change	2
4900033691	3 categories of thesis statements	closed, open, and counter argument/qualified	3
4900033692	closed thesis	previews main points	4
4900033693	open thesis	leaves points vague; leads in a general direction	5
4900033694	counter argument/qualified thesis	soften argument so it doesn't sound too radical	6
4900033695	categorical claim/arguemt	x belongs to category y x is a specific person, place, thing or phenomana y is a broader category	7
4900033696	2 kinds of categorical arguments	simple and definitional	8
4900033697	single categorical argument	everyone agrees on what "y" means gives specific examples of how x fits into y	9
4900033698	definitional categorical argument	before talking about x and y, y must be defined	10
4900033699	to refute a simple argument...	deny accuracy, give counter-examples, or question boundaries	11
4900033700	2 parts of a definitional argument	criteria part and match part	12
4900033701	criteria part	does x meet this criteria?	13
4900033702	match part	does x go here or not?	14
4900033703	causal arguments	what is the cause of x? what are/would be the consequences of x?	15
4900033704	dangers/issues of causal arguments	over-simplifying the cause confusing immediate and remote causes constraints	16
4900033705	claim	"this should be so;" "you should believe this;" "this is true."	17
4900033706	reason	"here's why" or "because of this"	18
4900033707	conditions of rebuttal	objection to reason, warrant, etc. (objections anywhere in the argument)	19
4900033708	example of syllogism	Nobody is perfect I am nobody I am perfect	20