AP English Language and Composition Flashcards

4225741126	allegory	device of using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to literal meaning usually deals with moral truth or generalization about human existence	0
4225770820	alliteration	repetition of sounds; initial consonant sounds; reinforces meaning, unifies ideas ect	1
4225776839	allusion	direct or indirect reference to something that is known; book, art, myth, place	2
4225780540	ambiguity	multiple meanings (intentional/unintentional) of a word, phrase, sentence or passage	3
4225785611	Analogy	similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them. represent something unfamiliar by associating it with or pointing out its similarity to something more familiar	4
4225800290	antecedent	word, phrase or clause referred to by a pronoun In a sentence it is what "it, he, she or them" refers to	5
4225809629	antithesis	opposition or contrast of ideas; direct oppostie	6
4225814158	aphorism	terse statement which expresses a general truth or moral principle. known author	7
4225821867	apostrophe	figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction; addressed to something that can't answer	8
4225831847	atmosphere	emotional nod created by entirety of a literary work, established by setting and author's choice of objects described; weather descriptions can contribute	9
4225842628	caricature	verbal description that exaggerates or distorts for comic effect a person's physical characterisitcs	10
4225851621	clause	grammatical unit that contains a subject and a verb; independent clause expresses complete thought and dependent can't stand alone	11
4225858044	Colloquial/colloquialism	use of slang or informalities in speech or writing; gives familiar tone	12
4225866992	conciet	fanciful expression in the form of extended metaphor or analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects; displays intellectual cleverness love is like an oil change	13
4225884114	connotation	non-literal, associative meaning of a word; implied, suggested meaning home suggests family	14
4225897528	denotation	strict, literal definition of word, devoid of emotions knife is used to cut food	15
4225901717	diction	writer's word choices, especially with regard to correctness, clearness, effectiveness combined with syntax, figurative language, literary devices	16
4225912446	didactic	"teaching"; primary aim its to teach or instruct, especially moral or ethical principles	17
4225914709	euphemism	"good speech"; more agreeable or less offensive substitute for a generally unpleasant work or concept passed away instead of dead	18
4225929009	extended metphor	metaphor developed at great length throughout a work	19
4225934470	figurative language	writing or speech that is not intended to carry a literal meaning	20
4225936171	figure of speech	device used to produce figurative language; compares dissimilar things ex. irony, metaphor, oxymoron, paradox, simile	21
4225940589	generic conventions	traditions of each genre; help to define genre	22
4225948188	genre	major category into which a literary work fits prose, poetry, drama	23
4225955302	homily	"sermon"; serious talk, speech about moral or spiritual advice	24
4225962835	hyperbole	deliberate exaggeration or overstatement; "overshoot" opposite of understatement	25
4225969201	imagery	sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse or represent abstractions. five senses or deeper meaning	26
4225977077	inference/infer	draw a reasonable conclusion from the information presented	27
4225983792	invective	emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language	28
4225991476	irony	contrast between what is stated and what is meant	29
4225993582	verbal irony	when the words literally state the opposite of the writer's meaning	30
4226008348	situational irony	events are opposite of what is expected; what is thought to happen doesn't happen	31
4226012315	dramatic irony	facts or events unknown to character, but known to audience or reader	32
4226019320	litotes	form of understatement that involved making an affirmative point by denying its opposite "not a bad idea"	33
4226031787	loose sentence/non-periodic sentence	sentence in which the main idea comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units i called my friend sally after i got to the party writing is more relaxed; informal	34
4226041131	metaphor	figure of speech that compares things without using like or as	35
4226046742	metonymy	"changed label" "substitute name" name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it; crown refers to the queen	36
4226061111	mood	prevailing atmosphere or emotional aura of the work	37
4226065589	narrative	telling of story or account of events or series of events	38
4226068570	onomatopoeia	natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words	39
4226072933	oxymoron	"pointedly foolish"; figure of speech wherein the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox	40
4226083245	paradox	statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity	41
4226095670	parallelism	"beside one another"; grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, phrase, sentences, or paragraphs to give structural similarity; repetition of grammatical element	42
4226105069	anaphora	sub-type of parallelism exact repetition of words or phrases at the beginning of successive lines or sentences	43
4226114987	parody	work that imitates the style or content of another with specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule offers enlightenment about another	44
4226121688	pedantic	adjective that describes words, phrases or tone that is over scholarly, academic or bookish	45
4226131312	periodic sentence	presents central meaning of main clause at the end; adds emphasize and structural variety	46
4226134760	personification	figure of speech in which the author presents or describes concepts, ect in ways that gives them human attribution or emotions	47
4226144258	point of view	perspective from which story is told	48
4226145937	first person narrator	first person pronouns	49
4226147981	third person narrator and types	events with third person pronouns; third person omniscient: narrator has godlike knowledge and presents thoughts and actions of all or any characters third person limited omniscient: narrator presents the feelings and thoughts of only one character, presenting only the actions of all the remaining characters	50
4226162340	prose	fiction and nonfiction; printer determines length of lines	51
4226166256	repetition	duplication, exact or approximate, of any element of language	52
4226172684	rhetoric	"orator"; principles governing the art of writing effectively, eloquently and persuasively	53
4226176559	rhetorical modes	variety, the conventions and the purposes of the major kinds of writing	54
4226179718	exposition	explain and analyze information by presenting an idea, relevant evidence and appropriate discussion	55
4226193238	arguementation	prove the validity of an idea, or point of view, by presenting sound reasoning, discussion and argument that thoroughly convince the reader	56
4226215736	description	recreate, invent, or visually present a person, place or event so reader can picture the scene	57
4226220119	narration	to tell a story or narrate an event or series of events	58
4226228945	sarcsm	"to tear flesh"; bitter caustic language meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something	59
4226230986	satire	targets humans vices or social institutions for reform or ridicule. can have wit, parody , caricature, hyperbole	60
4226238446	semantics	branch of linguistics that studies the meaning of words, historical and psychological development, connotations and their relation to one another.	61
4226246085	style	evaluation of the sum of choices a author makes in blending diction, syntax and figurative language classification of authors to a group and comparison of an author to similar authors	62
4226259078	subject complement	word that follows a linking verb and complements or completes the subject of the sentence by either 1. renaming it or describing it	63
4226277225	predicate nominative	noun that renames the subject Julia Roberts is a movie star	64
4226286143	predicate adjective	adjective that modifies or describes the subject	65
4226298955	subordinate clause	can't stand alone	66
4226302164	syllogism	"reckoning together"; deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises (major and minor) and leads to sound conclusion	67
4226310239	symbol	anything that represents or stands for something else	68
4226312147	natural symbol	objects from nature that symbolize ideas commonly associated with them	69
4226317854	conventional symbol	those that have been invested with meaning by a group cross	70
4226319752	literary symbols	found in variety of works	71
4226322522	synecdoche	part of something represents the whole; MUST BE A PART OF IT wheels present car	72
4226332032	synesthesia	sensory stimulus evokes the subjective experience of another	73
4226335302	syntax	way an author chooses to join words, phrases, clauses and sentences; group of words	74
4226337957	theme	central message of the work	75
4226339653	thesis	sentence that directly expresses the author's opinion, purpose, meaning	76
4226345071	tone	describes the author's attitude toward his material	77
4226350202	transition	word or phrase that links different ideas	78
4226352712	understatment	ironic minimizing of fact; presents something as less significant than it is	79
4226358121	wit	intellectually amusing language that surprises or delights	80