AP literature Flashcards

4685232728	Audience	A viewer,listener, or reader of a text. Most texts have multiple audiences.	0
4685234679	Claim	States an arguments main idea or proposition. Differs from a topic or subject because it is arguable. Also called proposition or assertion.	1
4685236815	Concession	An acknowledgment that an opposing arguement may be true or reasonable. Often followed by a refutation challenging the validity of the opposing argument.	2
4685239737	Connotation	Meanings or associations that readers have with a word beyond its definition or denotation. Often positive or negative and greatly affect an authors tone.	3
4685243105	Context	The circumstances, atmosphere, attitudes and events surrounding a text.	4
4685245549	Deductive Reasoning	A logical process where one reaches a specific conclusion by applying general facts to a specific case.	5
4685247173	Ethos	One appeals to ethos to show that they are credible & trustworthy to speak on a given topic. Established by what you are & say. In Greek means "character".	6
4687664366	Inductive Reasoning	A logical process whereby one reaches a general conclusion by noting the common characteristics of specific items.	7
4687665706	Kairos	The opportune time or place; the appropriate time to do some thing	8
4687667859	Logos	Greek for "embodied thought". Speakers appeal to logos, or reason by offering clear, rational ideas & using specific ideas to make a logical connection between the claim and the evidence to support it.	9
4687670180	Occasion	The time & place a speech is given or piece written	10
4687671212	Pathos	Greek for "suffering" or "experience". Speakers appeal to pathos to emotionally motivate their audience. Appeals to pathos might play on audiences values, desires, hopes & on the other hand fears and prejudices.	11
4687673814	Persona	The face or character that a speaker shows to his/her audience. Greek for "mask".	12
4687675160	Polemic	Greek for "hostile". An aggressive argument that tries to establish supriority of one opinion over all others. Polemics generally doesn't concede that opposing opinions have any merit.	13
4698693886	Purpose	The goal the speaker wants to achieve.	14
4698695053	Refutation	A denial of the validity of an opposing argument.	15
4698696697	Rhetoric	Aristotle defined it. It is the art of finding ways of persuading an audience.	16
4698697658	Speaker	The person or group who creates a text.	17
4698698310	Subject	The topic of the text. What the text is about.	18
4698699097	Thesis	A statement that outlines the main points of the paper, and is later supported by facts, evidence and analysis.	19
4698700307	Text	While this term generally means the written word, it has now come to mean any cultural product that can be "read" & investigated.	20
4730260060	Allegory	A story that can be interpreted to hold a deeper meaning.	21
4730260942	Alliteration	Repetition of the same sound beginning several words or syllables in a sentence.	22
4730262321	Allusion	Brief reference to a person,event, or place (real or fictional) or to a work or art.	23
4730263175	Ambiguity	Use of unclear or uncertain language.	24
4730263655	Analogy	A comparison between two seemingly dissimilar things. Often an analogy uses something simple or familiar to explain something unfamiliar or complex.	25
4730265312	Anaphora	Repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases, lines, or clauses.	26
4730266901	Anecdote	A brief story used to illustrate a point or claim.	27
4732952074	Antecedent	A word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun.	28
4732954074	Antithesis	Opposition, or contrast, of ideas or words in a parallel construction.	29
4732956001	Aphorism	An observation that contains a general truth (like a saying).	30
4732957418	Archaic diction	Old-fashioned or outdated choice of words.	31
4732958176	Asyndeton	Omission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words.	32
4732958944	Independent clause	A clause that can stand alone. Consists of a subject and verb.	33
4732959405	Subordinate clause	A clause introduced by a conjunction and that is dependent on the main clause.	34
4732960886	Coherence	Use of logical and consistent language and syntax.	35
4733071631	Colloquial	Informal, non-academic language	36
4733072510	Cumulative sentence	Sentence that completes the main idea at the beginning of the sentence and then builds, and adds on.	37
4733075212	Denotation	A literal,dictionary definition; excludes emotion of feelings that word suggests.	38
4733077014	Didactic	Used to teach or educate.	39
4733078413	Euphemism	A milder version of a word or phrase substituted in place of one considered to be to harsh or unpleasant.	40
4733080125	Figurative language	Nonliteral language often evoke strong imagery. Sometimes referred to as tropes or metaphorical language. Often compare one thing explicitly (simile) or implicitly (metaphor).	41
4757048107	Generic conventions	The traditional aspects associated with each genre.	42
4757048561	Genre	A category of literature such as fiction, nonfiction, and poetry. Essentially how a piece of writing is classified.	43
4757055209	Hyperbole	Deliberate exaggeration used for emphasis or to produce a comic or ironic effect; an overstatement used to make a point.	44
4757056221	Imperative Sentence	Sentence used to command or enjoin.	45
4757056843	Invective	Insulting & highly critical language.	46
4757057436	Inversion	Inverted orders of words in a sentence (variation of the subject-verb-object order).	47
4757058837	Irony	A figure of speech that occurs when a speaker or character says one thing but means another. Or what is said is the opposite of what's expected.	48
4765441708	Juxtaposition	Placement of 2 things closely together to emphasize the similarities or differences.	49
4765444635	Metaphor	A figure of speech that compares two things using like or as.	50
4765449576	Metonymy	Figure of speech in which something is represented by another thing related Tobit or emblematic of it.	51
4765605895	Onomatopoeia	A word named after the sound it Imitates.	52
4765607430	Oxymoron	A paradox made up of 2 seeming contradictory words.	53
4765609252	Paradox	A statement or situation that is seemingly contradictory on the surface but holds an ironic truth.	54
4765611129	Parallel Structure	Similarity of a structure or situation in a pair or series of words, phrases, or clauses.	55
4765615368	Parody	An imitation	56
4765615939	Personification	Attribution of a lifelike quality to an inanimate object.	57