Ap Literature definitions and images Flashcards

4788505156	allegory	The device of using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning. ex. Lewis is a religious allegory with Aslan as Christ and Edmund as Judas.	0
4788505157	alliteration	the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words. It can reinforce meaning. ex. peter piper picked a pepper	1
4788505158	allusion	A direct or indirect reference to something which commonly known, such as an event, book, or place. Can be historical or religious ex. Lucifer can be an allusion	2
4788505159	ambiguity	Multiple meanings either ,intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage. ex. I have never tasted a cake quite like that one before!	3
4788505160	analogy	a comparison between two things, typically on the basis of their structure and for the purpose of explanation or clarification. ex. 2+2=4 using oranges to help count	4
4788505161	antecedent	The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun. ex. The candidate delivered his speech to the crowd.	5
4788505162	antithesis	The opposition or contrast of ideas; the direct opposite ex. Man proposes, God disposes	6
4788505163	aphorism	A terse statement of known authorship which expresses a general truth or a moral principle	7
4788505164	apostrophe	A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or personified abstraction	8
4788505165	atmosphere	the pervading tone or mood of a place, situation, or work of art	9
4788505166	caricature	a picture, description, or imitation of a person or thing in which certain striking characteristics are exaggerated in order to create a comic or grotesque effect	10
4788505167	clause	a unit of grammatical organization next below the sentence in rank and in traditional grammar said to consist of a subject and predicate	11
4788505168	colloquial	The use of slang or informalities in speech or writing	12
4788505169	conceit	a fanciful expression in writing or speech; an elaborate metaphor	13
4788505170	connotation	an idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning	14
4788505171	denotation	the literal or primary meaning of a word, in contrast to the feelings or ideas that the word suggests	15
4788505172	diction	Related to style, refers to word choice, with correctness, clearness, or effectiveness	16
4788505173	didactic	From the Greek, literally means "teaching"	17
4788505174	euphemism	a mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing	18
4788505175	extended metaphor	A metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work	19
4788505176	figurative language	Writing or speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning and is usually meant to be imaginative and vivid	20
4788505177	figure of speech	a word or phrase used in a nonliteral sense to add rhetorical force to a spoken or written passage.	21
4788505178	generic conversation	This describes traditions for each genre. These conventions help to define each genre	22
4788505179	genre	a category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter ex. poetry, fiction, non fiction	23
4788505180	homily	It literally means "sermon", but more informally it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice. ex. You can have a homily conversation with your parents	24
4788505181	hyperbole	exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally ex. I can eat a horse right now	25
4788505182	imagery	visually descriptive or figurative language, especially in a literary work ex. It smelled like expired milk with vomit	26
4788505183	inference/infer	To draw a reasonable conclusion from the information presented ex. he inferred that we would be home right now	27
4788505184	invective	An emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language	28
4788505185	irony/ironic	the expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect	29
4788505186	litotes	An understatement that involves making an affirmative point by denying its opposite.	30
4788505187	loose sentence	The main idea comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units such as phrases and clauses	31
4788505188	metaphor	a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable ex. The curtain of night	32
4788505189	metonymy	the substitution of the name of an attribute or adjunct for that of the thing meant	33
4788505190	mood	referred to as the atmosphere of a literary piece, as it creates an emotional situation that surrounds the readers	34
4788505191	narrative	a spoken or written account of connected events; a story ex. In movies they have narrators a lot of the time	35
4788505192	onomatopoeia	the formation of a word from a sound associated with what is named	36
4788505193	oxymoron	a figure of speech in which apparently contradictory terms appear in conjunction	37
4788505194	paradox	a statement or proposition that, despite sound reasoning from acceptable premises, leads to a conclusion that seems senseless, logically unacceptable, or self-contradictory ex. I am nobody	38
4788505195	parallelism	the use of successive verbal constructions in poetry or prose that correspond in grammatical structure, sound, meter, meaning, etc ex. Like father like son	39
4788505196	anaphora	the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses	40
4788505197	parody	an imitation of the style of a particular writer, artist, or genre with deliberate exaggeration for comic effect ex. Music parodies like "Just Eat It" by Weird Al	41
4788505198	pedantic	an adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or. bookish	42
4788505199	periodic sentence	a sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end	43
4788505200	personification	a figure of speech in which the author presents or describes concepts, animasl, or inanimate objects by endowing them with human attributes or emotions	44
4788505201	POV	the perspective from which a story is told Ex. There is first person, second person and third person	45
4788505202	prose	genre including fiction, nonfiction, written in ordinary language	46
4788505203	repetition	duplication, either exact or approximate, of any element of language, sound,word, phrase,clause, sentence	47
4788505204	rhetoric	from the Greek for "orator," the principles governing the art of writing effectively, eloquently, and persuasively	48
4788505205	rhetoric modes	the variety, conventions, and purposes of the major kinds of writing	49
4788505206	sarcasm	from the Greek for "to tear flesh," involves bitter, caustic language that is meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something ex. Of course we did it	50
4788505207	satire	a work that targets human vices and follies or social institutinos and conventions for reform or ridicule	51
4788505208	semantics	the branch of linguistics which studies the meaning of words, their historical and psychological development, their connotations, and their relation to one another	52
4788505209	style	an evaluation of the sum of the choices an author makes in blending diction, syntax, figurative language, and other literary devices; or, classification of authors to a group and comparison of an author to similar authors Ex. Informal style	53
4788505210	subordinate clause	contains a subject and verb but cannot stand alone; does not express complete thought	54
4788505211	syllogism	from the Greek for "reckoning together," a deductive system of fromal logic that presents two premises (first "major," second "minor") that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion	55
4788505212	symbol	anything that represents or stands for something else ex. The US flag for freedom	56
4788505213	synecdoche	a figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa ex. Boots on the ground—refers to soldiers	57
4788505214	synesthesia	when one kind of sensory stimulus evokes the subjective experience of another ex. Tasting of Flora and the country green, Dance, and Provencal song, and sun burnt mirth	58
4788505215	syntax	the way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences	59
4788505216	theme	the central idea or message of a work, the insight it offers into life ex. fear,joy,sorrow,etc	60
4788505217	thesis	in expository writing, the thesis statement is the sentence or group of sentences that directly express the author's opinion, purpose, meaning, or proposition	61
4788505218	tone	similar to mood, describes the author's attitude toward his material, the audience, or both ex. anger	62
4788505219	transition	a word or phrase that links different ideas ex. FANBOYS	63
4788505220	understaement	the ironic minimalizing of fact, presents something as less significant than it is Ex. killing someone for fun	64
4788505221	wit	intellectually amusing language that surprises and delights	65
4788505222	iscolon	a scheme of parallel structure which occurs when the parallel elements are similar not only grammatical but also length	66
4788505223	anastrophe	inversion of the natural or usual word order ex.What a beautiful picture it is!	67
4788505224	parenthesis	insertion of some verbal unit in a position that interrupts the normal syntactical flow of the sentence ex. I would love to go there (not really).	68
4788505225	apposition	second phrase explains first phrase ex. My dog, Woofers	69
4788505226	ellipsis	deliberate omission of a word or of words which are readily implied by the context. ex. do we ... live?	70
4788505227	asyndeton	deliberate omission of conjunctions between a series of related clauses.	71
4788505228	brachylogia	a subcategory of asyndeton used in the Tudor period	72
4788505229	polysyndeton	deliberate use of many conjunctions ex. We lived and laughed and loved and left	73
4788505230	assonance	the repetition of similar vowel sounds, preceded and followed by different consonants, in the stressed syllables of adjacent words	74
4788505231	epistrophe	the repetition of the same word or group of words at the ends of successive clauses.	75
4788505232	epanalepsis	repetition at the end of a clause of the word that occurred at the beginning of the clause	76
4788505233	anadiplosis	repetition of the last word of one clause at the beginning of the following clause	77
4788505234	climax	the most intense, exciting, or important point of something; a culmination or apex	78
4788505235	antimetabole	repetition of words, in successive clauses, in reverse grammatical order	79
4788505236	chiasmus	reversal of grammatical structures in successive phrases or clauses	80
4788505237	polyptoton	repetition of words derived from the same root	81
4788505238	simile	explicit comparison between two things of unlike nature	82
4788505239	antanaclasis	repetition of a word in two different senses ex. Antanaclasis can be hard to use.	83
4788505240	paronomasia	use of words alike in sound but different in meaning	84
4788505241	syllepsis	use of a word understood differently in relation to two or more other words, which it modifies or governs	85
4788505242	anthimeria	the substitution of one part of speech for another	86
4788505243	periphrasis	substitution of a descriptive word or phrase for a proper name or of a proper name for a quality associated with the name	87
4788505244	rhetorical question	asking a question, not for the purpose of eliciting an answer but for the purpose of asserting or denying something obliquely	88
4788505245	admiring	regard (an object, quality, or person) with respect or warm approval.	89
4788505246	alarmed	cause (someone) to feel frightened, disturbed, or in danger ex. He had an alarming experience.	90
4788505247	allusive	working by suggestion rather than explicit mention	91
4788505248	aloof	not friendly or forthcoming; cool and distant ex. Sometimes I can be aloof	92
4788505249	ambivalent	having mixed feelings or contradictory ideas about something or someone	93
4788505250	anxious	experiencing worry, unease, or nervousness, typically about an imminent event or something with an uncertain outcome.	94
4788505251	apathetic	showing or feeling no interest, enthusiasm, or concern.	95
4788505252	apologetic	regretfully acknowledging or excusing an offense or failure. ex. People I know are apologetic.	96
4788505253	audacious	showing a willingness to take surprisingly bold risks	97
4788505254	belligerent	hostile and aggressive. ex. Belligerent looking people can be very nice when you get to know them	98
4788505255	benevolent	well meaning and kindly. ex. Zach wanted to be a benevolent king	99
4788505256	candid	truthful and straightforward; frank ex. I like candid people	100
4788505257	captious	tending to find fault or raise petty objections	101
4788505258	censorious	severely critical of others. ex. Censorious people can get annoying	102
4788505259	clinical	efficient and unemotional; coldly detached.	103
4788505260	complacent	showing smug or uncritical satisfaction with oneself or one's achievements. ex.	104
4788505261	condescending	having or showing a feeling of patronizing superiority. ex. He has a condescending personality.	105
4788505262	contemptuous	showing contempt; scornful. ex. They give contemptuous punishments	106
4788505263	cynical	believing that people are motivated by self-interest; distrustful of human sincerity or integrity. ex. Humans naturally have a cynical attitude	107
4788505264	delirious	in an acutely disturbed state of mind resulting from illness or intoxication and characterized by restlessness, illusions, and incoherence of thought and speech. ex. Doing drugs can put you in a delirious state.	108
4788505265	dogmatic	inclined to lay down principles as incontrovertibly true. ex. People with dogmatic qualities can be a good leader	109
4788505266	effusive	expressing feelings of gratitude, pleasure, or approval in an unrestrained or heartfelt manner. ex. Winning an award gives you an effusive feeling.	110
4788505267	elated	make (someone) ecstatically happy ex. I want to make my parents elated with my accomplishments	111
4788505268	elegiac	having a mournful quality ex. People with an elegiac personality makes me feel down.	112
4788505269	fanciful	over imaginative and unrealistic. ex. Nothing is wrong with having a fanciful mind	113
4788505270	flippant	not showing a serious or respectful attitude. ex. My cousin has a flippant attitude	114
4788505271	frivolous	not having any serious purpose or value. ex. Doing extra work is frivolous	115
4788505272	giddy	make (someone) feel excited to the point of disorientation. ex. My friends have a giddy personality	116
4788505273	hesitant	tentative, unsure, or slow in acting or speaking. ex. I'm hesitant to take this class	117
4788505274	impartial	treating all rivals or disputants equally; fair and just. ex. In games it's important to be impartial	118
4788505275	impassioned	filled with or showing great emotion. ex. People are impassioned with women equality	119
4788505276	importunate	persistent, especially to the point of annoyance or intrusion. ex. My friend can be importunate	120
4788505277	incredulous	unwilling or unable to believe something. ex. My friends can be incredolous	121
4788505278	indignant	feeling or showing anger or annoyance at what is perceived as unfair treatment. ex. Society feels indignant with police	122
4788505279	insolent	showing a rude and arrogant lack of respect. ex. Kids are insolent all the time	123
4788505280	jocular	fond of or characterized by joking; humorous or playful. ex. The joker is jocular	124
4788505281	lugubrious	looking or sounding sad and dismal. ex. He was lugubrious because of a girl	125
4788505282	melancholy	a feeling of pensive sadness, typically with no obvious cause. ex. Melancholy can describe bipolar	126
4788505283	pompous	affectedly and irritatingly grand, solemn, or self-important. ex. Donald trump is pompous	127
4788505284	puerile	childishly silly and trivial. ex. I'm usually puerile when I can	128
4788505285	pungent	having a sharply strong taste or smell. ex. The cheese is pungent	129
4788505286	sardonic	grimly mocking or cynical. ex. Dr. Evil is sardonic	130
4788505287	somber	oppressively solemn or sober in mood; grave. ex. Everyone has a somber day	131
4788505288	supercilious	behaving or looking as though one thinks one is superior to others. ex. Donald Trump is supercilious	132
4788505289	vexed	annoyed, frustrated, or worried. ex. I'm vexed for doing this work	133
4788505290	vindictive	having or showing a strong or unreasoning desire for revenge. ex. People in shows are vindictive all the time	134
4788505291	zealous	great energy or enthusiasm in pursuit of a cause or an objective. ex. Spongebob is zealous way to much	135