AP World History Chapter 14 Flashcards

5818624169	Hagia Sophia	New church constructed in Constantinople during reign of Justinian	0
5818624170	Belisarius	One of Justinian's most important military commanders during period of reconquest of western Europe; commanded in North Africa and Italy	1
5818624171	Greek fire	Byzantine weapon consisting of mixture of chemicals that ignited when exposed to water; utilized to drive back the Arab fleets that attacked Constantinople	2
5818624172	Bulgaria	Slavic kingdom established in northern portions of Balkan peninsula; constant source of pressure on the Byzantine Empire; defeated by emperor Basil II in 1014	3
5818624173	Byzantine Empire	Eastern half of the Roman Empire following collapse of the western half of the old empire; retained Mediterranean culture, particularly Greek; later lost Palestine, Syria, and Egypt to Islam; capital at Constantinople	4
5818624174	Cyril	Along with Methodius, missionary sent by Byzantine government to eastern Europe and the Balkans; converted southern Russian and Balkans to Orthodox Christianity; responsible for creation of written script for Slavic known as Cyrillic	5
5818624175	Methodius	Along with Cyril, missionary sent by Byzantine givernment to eastern Europe and the Balkans; converted southern Russian and Balkans to Orthodox Christianity; responsible for the creation of written script for Slavic known as Cyrillic	6
5818624176	Kiev	Trade city in southern Russia established by Scandinavian traders in 9th century; became focal point for kingdom of Russia that flouished to 12th century	7
5818624177	Rurik	Legendary Scandinavian, regarded as founder of the first kingdom of Russia based Kiev in 855 CE	8
5818624178	Kievan Rus'	The predecessor to modern Russia, Kievan Rus' was a medieval state which existed from the end of the 9th to the middle of the 13th century. Its territory spanned parts of modern Belarus, Ukraine, and Russia	9
5818624179	Vladimir I	Ruler of Russian kingdom of Kiev from 980-1015; converted kingdom to Chrsitianity	10
5818624180	Russian Orthodox	Russian form of Christianity imported from Byzantine Empire and combined with local religion; king characteristically controlled major appointments	11
5818624181	Yaroslav	Last of great Kievan monarchs; issued legal codifications based on formal codes developed in Byzantium	12
5818624182	boyars	Russian aristocrats; possessed less political power than did their counterparts in western Europe	13
5818624183	Tatars	Mongols; captured Russian cities and largely destroyed Kievan state 1236; left Russian Orthodoxy and aristocracy intact	14
5818624184	icon	painting of saints and other religious figures	15
5818624185	iconoclasm	the attack on icons in religious worship	16