Study Aid : Ap Language Flashcards

5945519890	Basic	Subject + verb + object	0
5945519891	Cumulative/ Loose	Begins with subject and verb and adds modifying elements at end.	1
5945540430	Periodic	Opens with modifiers; withholds subject and verb until the end.	2
5945601461	Declarative	A declarative sentence "declares" or states something.	3
5945601462	Imperative	Commands, requests, or instructs.	4
5945601463	Exclamatory	Expresses strong emotion.	5
5945601464	Interrogative	Asks a question.	6
5945601465	Colon	A punctuation mark (:) used to divide distinct but related sentence components, such as clauses, in which the second elaborates on the first, or to introduce a list, quotation, or speech.	7
5945601466	Semicolon	A punctuation mark (;) that connects two independent parts of a sentence.	8
5945601467	Dash	A punctuation mark (—) used to indicate a sudden break in thought, Can be used to create a parenthetical aside, to set off parenthetical material	9
5945601469	Antithesis	Establishes a clear, contrasting relationship between two ideas by joining them together or juxtaposing them, often in parallel structure.	10
5945601470	Chiasmus	A crossing parallelism, where the second part of a grammatical construction is balanced or paralleled by the first part, only in reverse order.	11
5945601471	Anadiplosis	Repeating the last word of one phrase, clause, or sentence at or very near the beginning of the next.	12
5945601472	Anaphora	Repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, or sentences.	13
5945601473	Epistrophe	The repetition of the same word or words at the end of successive phrases, clauses, or sentences. Counterpart to anaphora.	14
5945601475	Polysyndeton	The repeated use of a conjunction in a list. Counterpart to asyndeton.	15
5945601477	Ellipsis	The use of three "dots" in a row to signal an omission of superfluous language.	16
5945601478	Asyndeton	The omission of a conjunction from a list.	17
5945601479	Allusion	An indirect or passing reference to some event, person, place, or artistic work, the nature and relevance of which is not explained by the writer but relies on the reader's familiarity with what is thus mentioned.	18
5945601480	Aphorism	A brief statement that expresses a wise observation about life.	19
5945601481	Analogy	The comparison of two similar things in order to clarify a difficult idea. Simile and analogy may overlap. However, analogies are "practical" explanations. An analogy will continue much longer than a simile.	20
5948671338	Apostrophe	An interruption in dialogue that allows for the direct address of a person or abstract idea. This person/object may or may not be present. An apostrophe represents heightened emotions.	21
5948671339	Euphemism	Substituting an inoffensive word or phrase for an unpleasant or embarrassing expression.	22
5948671340	Hyperbole	Exaggeration used for emphasis. Hyperbole can be used to heighten effect, to catalyze recognition, or to create a humorous perception.	23
5948671341	Oxymoron	A two word paradox that is used to emphasize the complexity or ridiculousness of human nature. reality.	24
5948671342	Paradox	A statement that seems to be a contradiction but still remains true.	25
5948671343	Pun	The use of word to highlight a double meaning, usually a humorous one.	26
5948671344	Understatement/Litotes	Purposely describing an idea, event, or person as less than important than in actuality. This device is often used to create irony/sarcasm. (Litotes)- Double Negative	27
5948671345	Rhetorical Question	A question posed by the speaker/author in order to bring attention to an issue. Rhetorical questions do not look for answers. Instead they are used to lean on the emotions of an audience.	28
5948671347	Ethos (ethical)	A rhetorical appeal to an audience based on the speaker/writer's credibility. Mairs builds credibility when she talks about being disabled because she is, in her own terms, a "cripple."	29
5948671348	Pathos (emotion)	The emotional appeal to an audience in an argument. The repeated use of we shall builds to create an intensely emotional/patriotic reaction from an audience experiencing WWII.	30
5948671349	Logos (rational)	Rhetorical appeals based on logic or reasoning. Martin Luther King Jr. establishes a logos driven appeal by using "patient" and "reasonable" to describe how he will approach answering his critics.	31
5948671350	Deductive Reasoning(syllogism)	Reasoning that utilizes elements of persuasion by asserting a claim; consists of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion.	32
5948671351	Inductive Reasoning	Reasoning that begins by citing a number of specific instances or examples and then shows how collectively they constitute a general principle.	33