AP World History Chapter 7 Flashcards

5818626918	Etruscans	culture that ruled Rome prior to republic; ruled through powerful kings and well organized armies; expelled by romans in 510 bce	0
5818626919	Consuls	two chief executives or magistrates of the roman republic; elected by an annual assembly dominated by aristocracy	1
5818626920	legion	the principal unit of the Roman army, comprising of 5,000 infantry and 120 cavalry; auxiliary troops, too, were often united under the same command during military operations.	2
5818626921	Hannibal	great carthaginian general during second punic war; successfully invaded italy but failed to conquer rome; finally defeated at Battle of Zama	3
5818626922	Marius	successful roman general who introduced the concept of using paid volunteers in his army rather than citizen conscripts; created military force with personal loyalties to commander	4
5818626923	Julius Caesar	roman general responsible for conquest of gaul; brought army back to rome and overthrew republic; assassinated in 44 bce by conservative senators	5
5818626924	Horace	poet who adapted greek poetic meters to the latin language; author of lyrical poetry laudatory of the empire; patronized by augustus	6
5818626925	Trajan	roman emperor that instituted more aggressive imperial foreign policy resulting of expansion of empire to its greatest limits	7
5818626926	Senate	assembly of roman aristocrats; advised on policy within the republic; one of the early elements of the roman constitution	8
5818626927	clientage	the social relationship whereby wealthy roman landowners offered protection and financial aid to lesser citizens in return for political support and labor	9
5818626928	Carthage	originally a phoenician colony in northern africa; became a major port and commercial power in thw western mediterranean; fought the punic wars with rime for dominance of the western mediterranean	10
5818626929	republic	A form of democracy where a select few individuals are elected to represent majority of the population in everyday government.	11
5818626930	Sulla	conservative military commander during last century bce; attempted to reinforce powers of the senate and to undo influence of marius	12
5818626931	Pompey	A Roman military general favored by the Patricians, and brief ally of Julius Caesar. He was assassinated by King Ptolemy XIII in Egypt fleeing from Caesar.	13
5818626932	Livy	roman historian who linked empire to traditions of republican past; stressed republican virtues popular in early empire	14
5818626933	Jesus of Nazareth	A young jew who tried to spread the word of God. He was persecuted by the Romans for his beliefs resulting in his crucification.	15
5818626934	plebeians	The general body of Roman (non-wealthy) citizens, as opposed to the patricians.	16
5818626935	Paul	The leader of the Christian church after Jesus.	17
5818626936	Punic Wars	A series of three wars between Carthage and Rome. Rome decisively won all three wars resulting in the destruction of Carthage after Third Punic War.	18
5818626937	tribunes	10 members elected to protect the rights of the plebeians from the patricians.	19
5818626938	Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus	Brothers who questioned the authority of the Senate. They inevitably are credited with starting the fall of the Roman Republic c. 130 BCE.	20
5818626939	Virgil	credited with writing the adventures of Aeneas and the discovery of Rome by Romulus and Remus.	21
5818626940	Ovid	controversial poet that lived during Augustus' time.	22
5818626941	bishops	Second highest rank in the Catholic church.	23