Chapter 22 AP World History Flashcards

5677735288	caravels	Ships with triangular sails that could sail against the wind, a rudder, cannons, and a compass or astrolabe	0
5677735289	Malacca	Port city in the modern Southeast Asian country of Malaysia, founded about 1400 as a trading center on the Strait of Malacca.	1
5677735290	Treaty of Gijanti	Signed in 1757; reduced remaining Javanese princes to vassals of Dutch East India Company; allowed Dutch to monopolize production of coffee on Java.	2
5677735291	Francis Xavier	Early Jesuit missionary often called the Apostle to the Indies. From 1541 he traveled through India, Japan, and the East Indies, making many converts.	3
5677735292	Macao	One of two ports in which Europeans were permitted to trade in China during the Ming dynasty	4
5677735293	Matteo Ricci	Portuguese Jesuit missionary who went to China, assimilated into Chinese culture and language and ran a Christian mission in China.	5
5677735294	Manchus	Northeast Asian peoples who defeated the Ming Dynasty and founded the Qing Dynasty in 1644.	6
5677735295	Tokugawa Ieyasu	Vassal of Toyotomi Hideyoshi; succeeded him as most powerful military figure in Japan; granted title of shogun in 1603 and established political unity in Japan	7
5677735296	Goa	Goa is a state in western India with coastlines stretching along the Arabian Sea	8
5677735297	Batavia	Fort established in 1619 as headquarters of Dutch East India Company operations in Indonesia; today the city of Jakarta.	9
5677735298	Luzon	Northern island of Philippines; conquered by Spain during the 1560s; site of major Catholic missionary effort.	10
5677735299	Robert Di Nobili	Italian Jesuit missionary; worked in India during the early 1600s; introduced strategy to convert elites at first; strategy later widely adapted by Jesuits in various parts of Asia; mission eventually failed.	11
5677735300	Canton	One of the 2 port cities where Europeans were permitted to trade with China during the Ming Dynasty.	12
5677735301	Adam Schall	Along with Matteo Ricci, Jesuit scholar in court of Ming emperors; skilled scientist; won few converts to Christianity	13
5677735302	Nobunaga	The first Japanese daimyo to make extensive use of firearms; in 1573 deposed the last Ashikaga shogun; unified much of central Honshu; died in 1582.	14
5677735303	Edo	Tokugawa capital city, modern day Tokyo, center of Tokugawa Shogunate	15
5677735304	Asian sea-trading network	prior to intervention of Europeans, consisted of three zones: Arab zone base on glass, carpets, and tapestries: India based on cotton textiles; China based on paper, porcelain, and silks	16
5677735305	Ormuz	Portuguese establishment at the southern end of the Persian Gulf; a major trading base.	17
5677735306	Dutch trading empire	The Dutch system extending into Asia with fortified towns and factories, warships on patrol, and monopoly control of a limited number of products.	18
5677735307	Mindanao	Southern Island of Philippines; a Muslim kingdom that was able to successfully resist Spanish Conquest.	19
5677735308	Hongwu	First Ming emperor in 1368; originally of peasant lineage; original name Zhu Yuanzhang; drove out Mongol influence; restored position of scholar-gentry	20
5677735309	Zhenghe expeditions	Series of seven overseas trade expeditions under third Ming emperor, Yunglo; led by court eunuch Zhenghe between 1405 and 1433; only Chinese attempt to create worldwide trade empire.	21
5677735310	Chongzhen	last of the Ming rulers; committed suicide in 1644 as rebels invaded the Forbidden City of Beijing.	22
5677735311	Toyotomi Hideyoshi	general under Nobunaga; leading military power in central Japan; broke power of the diamyos; became military master in 1590	23
5677735312	Deshima	Island in Nagasaki Bay; only port open to non-Japanese after closure of the islands in the 1640s; only Chinese and Dutch ships were permitted to enter.	24
5677735313	school of National Learning	New ideology that laid emphasis on Japan's unique historical experience and the revival of indigenous culture.	25