AP Language Final Review Flashcards

3689987526	alliteration	repetition of the same consonant sound at the beginning of successive words	0
3689987527	antithesis	rhetorical contrast of ideas by parallel arrangements of words, clauses or sentences	1
3689987528	satire	a composition ridiculing human vice or folly	2
3689987529	rhetorical question	does not require an answer-actually asserts or denies something obliquely	3
3689987530	hyperbole	deliberate exaggeration for effect	4
3689987531	paradox	apparently contradictory statement that nevertheless contains a measure of truth	5
3689987532	repetition	using same word or phrase over and over; provides emphasis	6
3689987533	oxymoron	placing two ordinarily opposing terms adjacent to one another	7
3689987534	clause	group of words that contains a subject and a predicate	8
3689987535	loose sentence	expresses the main thought near the beginning and adds explanatory material as needed	9
3689987536	periodic sentence	one that postpones the crucial or most surprising idea until the end (not complete until the period)	10
3689987537	simple sentence	one independent clause, no dependent clauses	11
3689987538	compound sentence	two independent clauses, joined by coordinating conjunction, punctuation or both	12
3689987539	complex sentence	contains one independent and one or more dependent clauses	13
3689987540	compound-complex sentence	contains two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses	14
3689987541	syntax	the order and relationship of words in a sentence	15
3689987542	begging the question	conclusion similar to the premise; circular reasoning	16
3689987543	equivocating	using vague or ambiguous language to mislead	17
3689987544	anecdote	a usually short narrative of an interesting, amusing, or biographical incident	18
3689987545	ad hominem fallacy	making personal attacks instead of sticking to the argument	19
3689987546	allusion	A reference, explicit or implicit, to something in previous literature or history.	20
3689987547	parallelism	keeping ideas of equal importance in similar grammatical form	21
3689987548	analogy	an extended comparison between two things/instances/people etc. that share some similarity to make a point	22
3689987549	asyndeton	conjunctions are omitted, producing a fast-paced and rapid prose	23
3689987550	connotation	The set of associations implied by a word in addition to its literal meaning	24
3689987551	denotation	the literal meaning of a word, the dictionary meaning. Opposite of connotation	25
3689987552	ellipsis	the omission of one or more words that are obviously understood but that must be supplied to make a construction grammatically complete	26
3689987553	metonymy	a figure of speech consisting of the use of the name of one thing for that of another of which it is an attribute or with which it is associated	27
3689987554	parenthetical expression	an expression that is inserted into the flow of thought	28
3689987555	point of view	literary term for the perspective from which a story is told (first, third, omniscient, limited)	29
3689987556	polysyndeton	the use of many conjunctions; has the effect of slowing the pace or emphasizing the numerous words or clauses.	30
3689987557	inductive reasoning	drawing a probable conclusion based on evidence	31
3689987558	deductive reasoning	begins with a basic truth and proceeds from there-starts with conclusion	32
3689987559	rhetoric	finding an available, effective way to persuade	33
3689987560	figure of speech	colorful language not meant to be taken literally	34
3689987561	logos	based on reason	35
3689987562	pathos	appeal to emotions	36
3689987563	ethos	based on the speaker's character	37
3689987564	tone	the author's attitude toward his or her subject	38
3689987565	Toulmin model of argumentation	emphasizes that logic is concerned with probability more than certainty	39
3689987566	syllogism	three part argment in which the conclusion rests on two premises	40
3689987567	false dilemma	gives a choice between two alternatives; overlooks others and implies that no others exist	41
3689987568	non sequitur	conclusion that does not follow logically from the explanation given for it	42
3689987569	sliding down a slippery slope	one step inevitably leads to an undesirable end	43
3689987570	opposing a straw man	not arguing against opponent's real argument-commonly arguing against an extreme view	44
3689987571	jumping to conclusions	conclusion not supported by adequate evidence	45
3689987572	concession	showing an audience that you anticipate potential opposition by recognizing "their" side and answering it	46
3689987573	guilt by association	negative association by innuendo	47
3689987574	ignoring the question	"I'm glad you asked that question"..begins to talk of something else	48
3689987575	attributing false causes	assuming that something is merely the result of something that came before it; post hoc fallacy	49
3689987576	false analogy	fallacious if the two things being compared aren't really similar	50
3689987577	purpose	a writer's reason for trying to convey a particular idea about a particular subject to a particular audience	51
3689987578	thesis	the central idea in a work of writing to which everything else in the work refers; forecasts the scope of a piece of writing	52
3689987579	paraphrase	putting another writer's thoughts into your own words	53
3689987580	anaphora	the repetition of a group of words at the beginning of successive clauses	54
3689987581	appeal to pity	This type of fallacy uses the audiences's sympathy, concern, or guilt in order to overwhelm their sense of logic	55
3689987582	appeal to tradition	It must be correct because it has always been done this way	56
3689987583	appeal to prejudice	using popular prejudices or passions to convince others of the correctness of one's position	57
3689987584	epistrophe	the repetition of a group of words at the end of successive clauses	58
3689987585	inference	logical interpretation based on prior knowledge and experience	59
3689987586	synthesize	to link elements into a whole	60
3689987587	plagiarism	the use of someone else's ideas or words as if they were your own, without acknowledging the original author	61
3689987588	narrative	consisting of or characterized by the telling of a story	62
3689987589	in media res	a piece of writing that begins in the middle of the action	63
3689987590	chronological order	(Time Order) Events are arranged in the order in which they happened	64
3689987591	objective	without bias	65
3689987592	subjective	having to do with personal things, not limited by fairness or issues of bias	66
3689987593	synechdoche	when a part is used to signify a whole, "all hands on deck"	67
3689987594	personification	A figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes	68
3689987595	analyze	separate a subject into its parts	69
3689987596	tone	the author's attitude toward the subject (indicated by diction)	70
3689987597	audience	a writer's readers; helps the writer choose strategies, style and genre	71
3689987598	inference	to draw a conclusion based on your store of experience-way to understand a writer's meaning	72
3689987599	synthesize	to link elements into a whole	73
3689987600	unity	the quality of good writing in which all parts relate to the thesis or main idea	74
3689987601	plagiarism	the use of someone else's ideas or words as if they were your own, without acknowledging the original author	75
3689987602	coherence	the clear connection of the parts in an effective piece of writing	76
3689987603	logical fallacy	a flaw in reasoning	77
3689987604	persona	the character that an author wants the audience to perceive himself/herself as	78
3689987605	anastrophe	normal word order is reversed or rearranged	79
3689987606	apostrophe	when an absent person, an abstract concept, or an important object is directly addressed	80
3689987607	chiasmus	repetition of ideas in inverted order-"Never let a fool kiss you or a kiss fool you"	81
3689987608	diction	a writer's choice of words-indicates tone	82
3689987609	irony	a manner of speaking or writing that does not directly state a discrepancy, but implies one- ie verbal irony "What a mansion" (said of a shack)	83
3689987610	understatement (litotes)	deliberate understatement-creates an ironic or humorous effect: "I accepted the ride. At the moment, I didn't feel like walking across the Mojave Desert:	84