AP World History Key Terms (The Americas) Flashcards

5466347663	Mayans	1500 B.C. to 900 A.D. This is the most advanced civilization of the time in the Western Hempishere. Famous for its awe-inspiring temples, pyramids and cities. A complex social and political order.	0
5466347664	Incas	A Native American people who built a notable civilization in western South America in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. The center of their empire was in present-day Peru. Francisco Pizarro of Spain conquered the empire.	1
5466349904	Aztecs (Mexica)	(1200-1521) 1300, they settled in the valley of Mexico. Grew corn. Engaged in frequent warfare to conquer others of the region. Worshiped many gods (polytheistic). Believed the sun god needed human blood to continue his journeys across the sky. Practiced human sacrifices and those sacrificed were captured warriors from other tribes and those who volunteered for the honor.	2
5466349905	Quipu	An arrangement of knotted strings on a cord, used by the Inca to record numerical information.	3
5466349906	Moche	civilization of north coast of Peru (200-700 C.E.). An important Andean civilization that built extensive irrigation networks as well as impressive urban centers dominated by brick temples.	4
5466349907	Chaco	Spanish baroque dance in triple time An urban center established by Anasazi located in southern New Mexico. There, they built a walled city with dozens of three-story adobe houses with timbered roofs. Community religious functions were carried out in two large circular chambers called kivas.	5
5466349908	Cahokia	A commercial center for regional and long-distance trade in North America. Its hinterlands produced staples for urban consumers. In return, its crafts were exported inland by porters and to North American markets in canoes.	6
5466352170	Teotihuacan	A large central city in the Mesoamerican region. Located about 25 miles Northeast of present day Mexico City. Exhibited city planning and unprecedented size for its time. Reached its peak around the year 450.	7
5466352171	Tenochtitlan	Capital of the Aztec Empire, located on an island in Lake Texcoco. Its population was about 150,000 on the eve of Spanish conquest. Mexico City was constructed on its ruins.	8
5466352172	Andes Mountains	A large system of mountain ranges located along the Pacific coast of Central and South America	9
5466354094	Toltec	Powerful postclassic empire in central Mexico (900-1168 C.E.). It influenced much of Mesoamerica. Aztecs claimed ties to this earlier civilization. (p. 305)	10
5466356126	Mita	Andean labor system based on shared obligations to help kinsmen and work on behalf of the ruler and religious organizations.	11
5466356127	Maize	An early form of corn grown by Native Americans	12
5466356128	Manioc	Cassava, a starchy edible root crop of the tropics	13
5466356129	Smallpox	The overall deadliest known disease in the history of the world. In the 20th century alone there were approximately 500,000,000 people who died of this disease.	14
5466358303	Encomienda	A grant of authority over a population of Amerindians in the Spanish colonies. It provided the grant holder with a supply of cheap labor and periodic payments of goods by the Amerindians. It obliged the grant holder to Christianize the Amerindians.	15
5466358304	Hacienda	Spanish estates in the Americas that were often plantations. They often represent the gradual removal of land from peasant ownership and a type of feudalistic order where the owners of Haciendas would have agreements of loyalty to the capital but would retain control over the actual land. This continued even into the 20th century.	16
5466362621	Creole	Descendants of the Europeans in Latin America, usually implies an upper class status.	17
5466362622	Mestizo	A person of mixed Spanish and Native American ancestry.	18
5466362623	Mulatto	A person of mixed African and European ancestry	19
5466362642	Republica De Indios	Spanish America separates into two separate groups. Both have their own hereditary ability and have special treatment as a kind of aristocracy. The Indian nobility, however, dies out and Europeans move in and take over.	20
5466364882	United Fruit Company	U.S. corporation that controlled the banana trade in much of Latin America	21
5466364883	Cherokee Nation	(1831) The Cherokees argued that they were a seperate nation and therefore not under Georgia's jurisdiction. Marshall said they were not, but rather had "special status"	22
5466368082	Declaration of Independence	Signed in 1776 by US revolutionaries; it declared the United States as a free state.	23
5466368083	Bolivar's Jamaica Letters	Independence of South America	24
5466370636	Latin American Revolutions	Series of risings in the Spanish colonies of Latin America (1810-1826) that established the independence of new states from Spanish rule but that for the most part retained the privileges of the elites despite efforts at more radical social rebellion by the lower classes.	25
5466370637	The American Revolution	When the people of the British colonies fought against the British because they felt their natural right were being violated	26
5466370638	Maroon Societies	A slave who ran away from his or her master. Often a member of a community of runaway slaves in the West Indies and South America	27
5466376396	Seneca Falls Convention	Took place in upperstate New York in 1848; women of all ages and even some men went to discuss the rights and conditions of women; wrote the Declaration of Sentiments which tried to get women the right to vote.	28
5466378734	Quebecois	Quebec's French-speaking inhabitants	29
5466378735	Martin Luther King Jr.	Civil Rights Leader. Born in Atlanta. Developed a non-violent approach to social change after studying others like Gandhi. Founded the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. Gave the "I have a Dream Speech" at the March of Washington	30
5466380300	The New Deal	1933-1937 Government sponsored programs implemented by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to revitalize the economy and alleviate poverty and despair caused by the Depression.	31
5466381798	The Civil Rights Act	barred discrimination in public accommodations like bus stations, lunch counters, and hotels.	32