AP World history:The Enlightenment Flashcards

3979173451	The Enlightenment is also known as	the Age of Reason according to George Washington and Thomas Paine	0
3979173453	The notion of democracy came from	Baron de Montesquieu	1
3979173454	The constant testing of observations produced	science, arts, technology, and social contracts	2
3979173455	Baron de Montesquieu mistakenly	thought that benevolent monarchies had separate judicial and legislative branches of government. However, the idea of an executive, legislative, and judicial form government resonated throughout the era.	3
3979173456	The rigors of scientific test gave rise	to mathematics, chemistry, and astronomy.	4
3979173457	One of the greatest technological advances from scientific inquiry was	medicine.	5
3979173458	Anatomy is the study of	the human body with dissection.	6
3979173459	Physiology is the study of	the human body.	7
3979173460	Pathophysiology is the study of	diseases.	8
3979173461	Thomas Hobbs	believed the nature of human beings is naturally cruel, greedy, and selfish.	9
3979173462	Thomas Hobbs believed that people would:	give up their base nature in order to have strong form of government that was unipolar.	10
3979173463	Thomas Hobbs supported:	the conservative form of autocratic government or absolute monarchy.	11
3979173464	The downside of Hobbs belief is that he did not believe that	people could govern themselves.	12
3979173465	Thomas Hobbs wrote:	Leviathan	13
3979173466	John Locke believed the opposite of Hobb which was	that people are fundamentally reasonable and moral.	14
3979173467	John Locke believed that	natural rights belonged to the people from birth	15
3979173468	The natural rights that John Locke believed in were	right to life, liberty, and possessions	16
3979173469	Locke believed in what kind of government?	Limited government	17
3979173470	What made John Locke a radical was	His belief that if the government fails in its obligations to the people and violates the rights of the people, the citizens have the right to overthrow the government.	18
3979173471	John Locke's main work is	Two Treatises of Government	19
3979173472	Adam Smith's work is called	Wealth of Nations	20
3979173473	Adam Smith believed in three economic laws	1. The individual will work harder if he has a self-interest in the outcome. 2. Competition will produce a balanced market 3. Supply and demand will be in balance	21
3979173474	Adam Smith believed in	laissez faire economics. Government should not intervene.	22
3979173475	Adam Smith did not consider the downside of	monopolies where capitalists do not care for competition, but would purchase it in order to eliminate it.	23
3979173476	Private property rights play a major role	for Adam Smith	24
3979173477	There is a continued debate regarding government intervention from Adam Smith's economic theory	Should government social welfare programs address the inequity of Adam Smith. Should the government prevent stratifying of economic classes.	25
3979173478	The Enlightenment produced secular	universities comprise of the sciences and the arts compared to the seminaries.	26
3979173479	The textbooks were a departure from religious texts and	produced an increase in literacy during this period that spread ideas from the Enlightenment around the world.	27
3979173480	The belief of the Enlightenment was by reason alone could change	government, law, and society.	28
3979173481	Voltaire defended	freedom of thought.	29
3979173482	The Enlightenment lasted from roughly	1650 to 1800	30
3979173483	Denis Diderot produced the first	Encyclopedia	31
3979173484	Jean-Jacques Rousseau	believed that people in their natural state were good but were corrupted by society with a primarily focus on unequal distribution of wealth.	32
3979173485	Rousseau work is entitled and contained the fundamental beliefs	The Social Contract. He believed governments should be freely elected. Rousseau was exception to the notion of individualism aside and believed the good of community should placed above the concern of the individual.	33
3979173486	Government and churches employed the following to prevent Enlightenment thought	censorship	34
3979173487	Salons back then were	places of discussion of literature, arts, science, and philosophy.	35
3979173488	Trends in music from this era produced	Ballets and opera.	36
3979173489	The following musicians were from the Enlightenment	Bach, Handel, Mozart.	37
3979173490	George Washington did not stay president after his two terms because	That means he is a monarch	38
3979173491	Germaine de Stael	argued that women have been left of the Enlightenment.	39
3979173492	Art and architecture of the Enlightenment was inspired from the...	Greeks and Romans	40
3979173493	In Britain the whigs and tories were...	landed aristocrats	41
3979173494	Isaac Newton is remembered for five contributions...	1. Universal gravitation 2. Calculus 3. Optics 4. Newtonian Mechanics 5. Principia - Newtownian Methods	42
3979173495	Newton discovered the spectrum of...	light.	43
3979173496	The Enlightenment involved scientific method...	1. First ask a question 2. Do background research 3. Construct a hypothesis (idea) 4. Test the research and draw a conclusion (from the idea) 5. Report results True or false for the hypotheses.	44
3979173497	The 1707 to 1800 is generally considered...	the era of the Enlightenment or the Age of Reason.	45
3979173498	The French Revolution was sparked by...	extreme differences in wealth with poverty typical of the era with unequal taxation.	46
3979173499	Unequal taxation was a concern of the...	American colonies.	47
3979173500	Constitutional monarchy is known as a British...	form of government in which the king retains his position as head of state, while the authority to tax and make new laws resides in an elected body.	48
3979365038	Who said "the best weapon against tyranny is the pen"?	Voltair	49
3979367056	Who's busk is in Jean-Antoine Houdon's Salon?	Voltair	50