AP World History Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images [1]
| 5370782919 | satrap | (Persia/Greece) served as governor of Persian provinces; main responsibility was to collect tribute for king | 0 | |
| 5370796263 | Zoroastrianism | (Persia/Greece) monotheistic (Ahuramazada); struggle between good and evil; nature is divine; influenced Christianity and Judaism | 1 | |
| 5370807221 | polis | (Persia/Greece) city-state; had an urban center and controlled rural territory; included an acropolis and an agora | 2 | |
| 5370818335 | acropolis | (Persia/Greece) fortified hill at the city center; included a temple of the local god or goddess | 3 | |
| 5370829794 | agora | (Persia/Greece) public square and marketplace | 4 | |
| 5370852398 | hoplites | (Persia/Greece) farmers served as defendants and warriors | 5 | |
| 5370861053 | democracy | (Persia/Greece) citizens could give direct government decision by voting | 6 | |
| 5371874337 | helots | (Persia/Greece) slaves to the Spartans that revolted and nearly destroyed Sparta (so close p.s. thanks Erin) | 7 | |
| 5371876927 | Delian League | (Persia/Greece) Athenian alliance; helped them rise to prominence after victory against Persia | 8 | |
| 5371886947 | trireme | (Persia/Greece) sleek, fast naval vessel powered by 170 rowers; built by Athens | 9 | |
| 5371897059 | achaemenids | (Persia/Greece) another name for Persians ? | 10 | |
| 5371921980 | Cyrus | (Persia/Greece) "great uniter of Persia" - granted titles to both Medians and Persians; showed respect to other peoples and religions | 11 | |
| 5371994284 | Darius I | (Persia/Greece) gave better roles to Persians - they became more dominant; created largest empire yet - very diverse; divided Persia into provinces and appointed satraps - 2 capitals (Elam and Persepolis) | 12 | |
| 5372020014 | Hellenes | (Persia/Greece) what ancient Greeks called themselves | 13 | |
| 5372026121 | Barbaroi | (Persia/Greece) what bar ancient bar Greeks bar called bar everyone bar else bar | 14 | |
| 5372032611 | Herodotus | (Persia/Greece) "father of history" (according to Erin's quizlet); Greek who wrote about Persians - introduced historical bias | 15 | |
| 5372050407 | Pericles | (Persia/Greece) expanded power through any means; came from background where political/military leadership was expected; most influential/powerful statesman; leader of Athens in 461 BC | 16 | |
| 5372076659 | Xerxes | (Persia/Greece) son of Darius 1; cruel and weak; part of why Persia declined | 17 | |
| 5372089762 | Socrates | (Persia/Greece) philosopher brought to trial for "overthrowing the Athenian democracy and for the controversial teachings of the Sophists" or whatever. he didn't really care and it made them madder so they killed him (or like made him kill himself I think); asks a lot of questions and "doesn't know anything" | 18 | |
| 5372119415 | Philip II of Macedonia | (Persia/Greece) conquered Greek city-states while they were weak following Peloponnesian Wars; good military and monarchy; father of Alexander the Great | 19 | |
| 5372140513 | Alexander the Great | (Persia/Greece) accomplished general; destroyed Persian empire; formed Hellenistic empire; spread Greek language across region; absolute monarchy | 20 | |
| 5372159844 | Attica | (Persia/Greece) land made up of Athens and other cities; 1/3 of population was slaves | 21 | |
| 5372189958 | Alexandria | (Persia/Greece) capital of Hellenistic empire; population fo half a million people; royal compound contained the Library and the Museum; center for leading scientific and literary leaders; long distance trade | 22 | |
| 5372207158 | Persian Wars | (Persia/Greece) 490-480 BCE; Persian empire wanted to invade Europe and expand; Battles of Marathon, Thermopylae, and Salamis; Persia lost to alliance of Greek city-states | 23 | |
| 5372237917 | Peloponnesian War | (Persia/Greece) 431-404 BCE; kind of a war between city-states because everyone started to get kinda heated at Athens because they started bossing everyone around and they did not like the idea of Athen's economic and political power and infuence; everyone else formed an alliance against Athens, led by Sparta, and gave them (Athens, that is) a piece of their mind | 24 | |
| 5372279414 | Athens | (Persia/Greece) founded by descendants of Mycenae; practiced democracy; citizenship to free men who were born there, whether or not they owned land; olive tree | 25 | |
| 5372295006 | Sparta | (Persia/Greece) best military cuz they took 7 year old boys to live in barracks and train for like a really long time (sounds kinda rough if you ask me); banned precious coinage/metals; invaded Messenia | 26 | |
| 5372329387 | Ptolemaic | (Persia/Greece) one of the three Hellenistic empires by Alex the Grat; wealthiest because the traded their grain | 27 | |
| 5372344766 | Seleucid | (Persia/Greece) another one of those those dang Hellenistic empires brought to you by good ol' Al the Great; it was the largest and included Mesopotamia and the Persian empire; they also had coins and cities it seemed | 28 | |
| 5372359227 | Antigonid | (Persia/Greece) the smallest of the three Hellenistic empires courtesy of Alexandra the Okay (or something like that); it was located in Macedonia and contained Athens | 29 | |
| 5372384061 | Plato | (Persia/Greece) represented first literate generation; founded The Academy; !wrote! the Apology (didn't think of it, but the guy who did ((SOCRATES BTW)) wasn't actually sorry so); divided reality into ideas/ideals and phenomena | 30 | |
| 5372408496 | Aristotle | (Persia/Greece) devised rules of logic; philosophers should rely on senses for accurate info; four causes; knowledge is empirical, evidence, observation | 31 | |
| 5372447997 | conflict between Persia and Greece - Persia remained a threat; Greece was politically unstable (kings>tyrants>democracy/oligarchy); conflict between city-states; Peloponnesian War; institutionalized inequality | (Persia/Greece) What were the major conflicts of this time period? | 32 | |
| 5372485623 | pros: popularized democracy; culture expanded over a large area; individuality led to intellectual discoveries and individual expression through the arts; diverse population and interaction between classes cons: frequent warfare due to suspicion/jealousy; became too separated and identified with independent city-state more than with Greece got all this from Erin's quizlet s/o to her great job | (Persia/Greece) What were some pros and cons of the polis system? | 33 | |
| 5372524106 | democracy ?? flourish of culture and art and philosophers; also lots of bloody wars so that's a shame (sorry this is mostly Greek stuff but I might be able to blame it on the fact that Persians left no written record right? let's go with that) | (Persia/Greece) What legacies did the Greeks and Persians leave? | 34 | |
| 5372542215 | Palatine Hill | (Rome/Han China) where Romulus founded Rome; one of the seven hills of Rome; site of the imperial palace (thanks Erin) | 35 | |
| 5372557574 | Romulus and Remus | (Rome/Han China) twins abandoned on the Tiber River and raised by a WOLFF; sons of the god Mars and a Latin princess; founded the city of Rome (thanks again Erin) | 36 | |
| 5372648063 | Monarchy | (Rome/Han China) included kings elected by the people; popular assembly (all arms-bearing citizens); senate (council of elders); patrician class (noble class); plebeian class(commoners); and assembly (legislation) | 37 | |
| 5372666299 | Republic | (Rome/Han China) established by patricians; consulship (2 past senators from patrician class serve together for one year); farmers (sold what they made; comprise most of military); military (constant because of external threats ((i.e. Carthaginians)) ) | 38 | |
| 5372687979 | Empire | (Rome/Han China) ruled by emperor/dictator | 39 | |
| 5372719929 | Plebeians | (Rome/Han China) commoners; clientage - pledged support for patrician nobles | 40 | |
| 5372724861 | Patricians | (Rome/Han China) noble class; owned land and had wealth; political power; only ones who could serve in Roman senate | 41 | |
| 5372732143 | Conflict of Orders | (Rome/Han China) conflict between patricians and plebeians; plebeians went on strike and withdrew from the city at one point | 42 | |
| 5372772617 | tribunes | (Rome/Han China) led plebeian council; negotiated with Senate and Councils; non-elite class who could veto actions of assembly | 43 | |
| 5372783505 | senate | (Rome/Han China) "Council of Elders"; families with largest amount of land; 12 different heads of noble families | 44 | |
| 5372802432 | assemblies | (Rome/Han China) made up of all arms-bearing citizens | 45 | |
| 5372807554 | triumvirate | (Rome/Han China) three leaders shared control of government; first - Julius Caesar, Crassus, and Pompey (ended with Caesar getting power); second - Octavian (Augustus), Marc Antony, and Lepidus (ended with Octavian getting power) (thanks Erin) | 46 | |
| 5372830973 | Julius Caesar | (Rome/Han China) general, politician, governor; formed part of first triumvirate; invaded Italy and gained control; hunted down enemies and consolidated power in his name | 47 | |
| 5372883481 | Augustus Caesar | (Rome/Han China) princip; part of second triumvirate until he ELIMINATED THOSE OTHER LOSERS; his mission was to tactfully reform Rome; first emperor; ruled as constitutional monarch | 48 | |
| 5372900425 | Diocletian | (Rome/Han China) implemented radical reforms and transformed Rome; controlled vocation and prices | 49 | |
| 5372908427 | Constantine | (Rome/Han China) stopped persecution of Christians; moved capital from Rome to Byzantine | 50 | |
| 5372915974 | Punic Wars | (Rome/Han China) 264-146 BCE; main Mediterranean powers were Rome and Carthage (wicked sweet naval power); three wars; Rome DESTROYED CARTHAGE AND HAVE CONTROL OF THE MEDITERRANEAN; btw latifundia happened as well | 51 | |
| 5372937434 | Latifundia | (Rome/Han China) "broad estates"; large investors took over small farms and put farmers outta work | 52 | |
| 5372947397 | Pax Romana | (Rome/Han China) "Roman peace"; safety and stability guaranteed by Roman might (soldiers that maintained roads) | 53 | |
| 5372958603 | equites | (Rome/Han China) class of well-to-do Italian merchants/landowners just beneath senatorial class; paid civil service that helped run Roman empire; formed bureaucracy | 54 | |
| 5372989234 | gentry | (Rome/Han China) class of prosperous families in China; exempt from compulsory military/labor services | 55 | |
| 5373006498 | third-century crisis | (Rome/Han China) period from 235 to 284 when political, military, and economic problems beset and nearly destroyed the Roman empire; frequent change of rulers | 56 | |
| 5373018837 | aqueducts | (Rome/Han China) used gravity to carry water from a source to a location; Rome built many of these during a period of substantial urbanization (thx Erin) | 57 | |
| 5373031946 | Romanization | (Rome/Han China) spread of the Latin language and Roman way of life; assisted by Pax Romana - garrisons on outskirts brought culture with them | 58 | |
| 5373039656 | Christianity | (Rome/Han China) quality roads and guarantee of safe travels helped diffusion of this; these people refused to worship emperor so it was kinda awkward with the Romans but I guess they got over it (with help from Constantine) | 59 | |
| 5373063018 | Paul | (Rome/Han China) spread Christianity throughout Mediterranean and worked out pretty well bc he was Roman so no one got suspicious; ALSO THE NAME OF A CHARACTER FROM A CHORUS LINE WHICH I HIGHLY RECOMMEND YOU GO SEE GO TO SHOWTIX4U.COM FOR TICKETS AND HURRY UP !!!! YES YOU | 60 | |
| 5373081372 | Qin | (Rome/Han China) founded by Shi Huangdi; short lived (15 years! you've lasted longer than them... fills you with determination); first true empire of China; applied Legalistic policies to conquer surrounding states; ended Warring States Period and unified China; massive military/extensive agriculture; laid foundation for centralized rule; fell to rebellion by overworked citizens | 61 | |
| 5373120278 | Legalism | (Rome/Han China) human nature is wicked (not like the musical, but speaking of musicals have you seen A Chorus Line yet?!?!?!) and must be strictly controlled; personal freedoms are sacrificed for the good of the community/state; every aspect of society should be closely monitored and controlled | 62 | |
| 5373150152 | Shi Huangdi | (Rome/Han China) founded the Qin dynasty and created Chinese empire; led ruthless conquests of rival states; organization of labor for military and engineering tasks | 63 | |
| 5373161199 | Liu Bang | (Rome/Han China) (Gaozu) one of the rebel leaders who brought down the Qin and founded the Han dynasty | 64 | |
| 5373185956 | (MR.E) monarchy - last king overthrown by patricians; ruled more as a tyrant republic - established a consulship; plebeians worked in agriculture, crafts, and military - which was used constantly bc of Carthaginian threat; ended bc plebeians were tired of being away for war (and latifundia which was a major bummer for them) empire - Julius Caesar grew as a threat to senate, formed first triumvirate, consolidated power and left consul of Rome; called consulship then dictatorship, killed by senate; Augustus takes control and becomes first emperor, ruled as constitutional monarch | (Rome/Han China) How and why did the evolution of the Roman political realm occur? | 65 | |
| 5373247781 | soldiers more loyal to legion leader than to Rome; built roads/bridges through places they traveled; farmer's land taken away while they were at war - latifundia; government ran outta land to pay so they hired mercenaries who were even less loyal to Rome; small landowners became unemployed and were more loyal to military dictators | (Rome/Han China) What part did the military play in terms of political and economic power within Ancient Rome? | 66 | |
| 5373270241 | Han China had a three-tiered system consisting of Aristocrats/Bureaucrats > Skilled Laborers > Unskilled Laborers; social class dictated status but not power or wealth; politically, they were imperial, had a central bureaucracy, and had an emperor Rome had a lotta different classes - Patricians > Senators > Equestrians > Plebeians > Slaves/Freedmen > Soldiers > Women; this determined mainly their participation in government (I think) politics + social structure very connected | (Rome/Han China) How did Rome and Han China compare in terms of political and social structure? | 67 | |
| 5373342378 | Vedic Age | (Classical India) period of transition in India from nomadic pastoralism to settled village communities; cattle were a major form of wealth | 68 | |
| 5373365026 | Vedas | (Classical India) religious text; provide most info about Vedic Age | 69 | |
| 5373370680 | Aryans | (Classical India) light-skinned; Indo-European language family; made up majority of the upper class | 70 | |
| 5373378703 | Dasas | (Classical India) dark-skinned; Dravidian language family; later became synonym for slave; made up lower class | 71 | |
| 5373383280 | Hinduism | (Classical India) fusion of north/south; 330 million gods (?); universal belief in single divine force that pervades all; natural shrines | 72 | |
| 5373409475 | Varna/caste system | (Classical India) "color"; became class system; supported by Hinduism; four parts: mouth (Brahmins), arms (Kshatriyas), thighs (Vaishyas), feet (Sudras) | 73 | |
| 5373426146 | Brahmins | (Classical India) mouth; spoke to gods; priests | 74 | |
| 5373430467 | Kshatriyas | (Classical India) arms; warriors | 75 | |
| 5373435382 | Vaishyas | (Classical India) thighs; herders, farmers, merchants, craftspeople | 76 | |
| 5373441214 | Sudras | (Classical India) feet; farm workers, servants, laborers | 77 | |
| 5373444224 | Jati | (Classical India) birth groups; subdivisions within the varna; lived, married, ate with only members of their group; idea of "pollution" of classes, inter-mingling | 78 | |
| 5373454613 | Atman | (Classical India) essential, immortal essence; separated from body at death; reborn in cycle of reincarnation | 79 | |
| 5373458169 | Karma | (Classical India) what goes around, goes around, goes around, comes all the way back around | 80 | |
| 5373472637 | Moksha | (Classical India) release from samsara/reincarnation cycle | 81 | |
| 5373478905 | Samsara | (Classical India) cycle of rebirth | 82 | |
| 5373480565 | Puja | (Classical India) worship (personal alters within home) | 83 | |
| 5373483870 | Mauryan Empire | (Classical India) first centralized Indian empire; arose on Ganges Plain; led by Chandragupta | 84 | |
| 5373492623 | Ashoka | (Classical India) grandson of Chandragupta; built pillars with political achievements and instructions on how to live ya life; converted to Buddhism and pledged non-violence | 85 | |
| 5373496853 | Buddhism | (Classical India) 4 Noble Truths (life is suffering...); Eightfold Path; non-violence | 86 | |
| 5373522076 | Gupta Empire | (Classical India) led by Chandra gupta; arose on Ganges Plain; taxes on agriculture, irrigation funded government | 87 | |
| 5373533534 | theater state | (Classical India) rituals, ceremonies, cultural events - produced for show | 88 |