AP World History-- China Flashcards

5167114233	domesticate	cultivating for human use	0
5167114234	dynasty	a powerful ruling family	1
5167114235	edict	official order/decree issued by authority	2
5167114236	egalitarian	equal rights for all	3
5167114237	emigrate	leave a place, move from	4
5167114238	ethnocentric	belief that one's own race is superior to all others	5
5167114239	genocide	extermination of an entire race	6
5167114240	gentry	higher class, land owning wealthy familes	7
5167114241	heirarchy	order of power in which most powerful are on the top	8
5167114242	homogenous	the same throughout	9
5167114243	what is the Chinese name for china?	Chung Kuo	10
5167114244	what does Chung Kuo mean	middle kingdom	11
5167114245	"china is a sea that salts all the rivers that run into it." what does the salt represent?	chinese culture; it was so strong that the people that invaded china were influenced by it	12
5167114246	which river is in the North of CHina?	the Huang He river	13
5167114247	which river is in the south of china?	the Yangtze river	14
5167114248	near which river did civilization begin	the Huang He river	15
5167114249	what is another name for the huang he river	the yellow river	16
5167114250	which river is china's sorrow	the huang he river	17
5167114251	why was the river named 'china's sorrow'	bc so many people drowned in it	18
5167114252	is the environment better in the north or the south??	the south bc the rains come in summer/growing time	19
5167114253	did the north or the south have more famines	the north, rainfall was less predictable	20
5167114254	what percent of all arable land is in china	7%	21
5167114255	how much of the world's population is in china	23%	22
5167114256	what kind of agriculture is found in the north	dry agriculture	23
5167114257	what is an example of dry agriculture	grains (ie noodles)	24
5167114258	what kind of agriculture is found in the south	wet agriculture	25
5167114259	what is an example of wet agriculture	riceee	26
5167114260	what kind of coasts does northern china have	smooth coasts	27
5167114261	what kind of coasts does southern china have	jagged coasts	28
5167114262	what is the advantage of having jagged coasts	they formed natural harbors, allowing for more trade	29
5167114263	which part of china is generally viewed as more open/accepting	southern china	30
5167114264	what percentage of land in china is used for grazing	2%	31
5167114265	what kinds of meat replaces beef in china	chicken/pork	32
5167114266	what is the significance of chicken/pigs being the main meat source	they're both scavengers	33
5167114267	what type of food preparation originated in china	stir fry	34
5167114268	what kind of pot is used to make stir fry	a wok	35
5167114269	what is the rich topsoil found in the yellow river called	loess	36
5167114270	what is one of the largest deserts in the world found in china	the gobi desert	37
5167114271	what does the Taklamankan desert's name translate to	enter and you shall never return	38
5167114272	who was the giant dragon that created the mountains and the earth?	Pan-Gu	39
5167114273	what was the first (unofficial) dynasaty in china?	the Xia dynasty	40
5167114274	why is the Xia dynasty not considered an official dynasty	they didn't have writing	41
5167114275	who were the people of the Xia dynasty	the Yangshan people	42
5167114276	what was the culture of the Xia dynasty	Longshan culture	43
5167114277	what do silkworms eat	mulberry leaves	44
5167114278	how many pounds of mulberry leaves does it take to make 1 pound of silk	100	45
5167114279	Who helped organize the Xia dynasty and build dikes	Yu the Great	46
5167114280	what was the first (official) chinese dynasty	the Shang dynasty	47
5167114281	why was the shang dynasty considered the first dynasty	bc it had writing	48
5167114282	when did the shang dynasty start/how long did it last	1532-1027 BCE	49
5167114283	which dynasty had the longest lasting influence on china's culture	the shang dynasty	50
5167114284	what did the chinese first write on	oracle bones	51
5167114285	what were oracle bones used for	to predict the future	52
5167114286	in what orientation do the chinese write	up to down	53
5167114287	what was the most common material to write on before paper	bamboo sticks	54
5167114288	who developed paper	the chinese	55
5167114289	how many characters had to be known in order for a person to be considered literate	1000	56
5167114290	how many characters had to be known in order for a person to be considered a scholar	10,00	57
5167114291	what was the 'glue that held china together'	writing	58
5167114292	how did writing unify china	it could be understood by anyone who could read, regardless of language spoken	59
5167114293	what is the art of writing	calligraphy	60
5167114294	what does the symbol for 'man' mean	rice field and strength	61
5167114295	what does the symbol for 'woman' mean	submission/respect	62
5167114296	what kind of a society was china	patriarchal society	63
5167114297	could chinese women own land?	no, land was owned by men	64
5167114298	noble women married via	arranged marriages	65
5167114299	why was writing developed in china	to communicate with the divine world	66
5167114300	why was writing developed in mesopotamia	for economic transactions	67
5167114301	why was writing developed in egypt	for religious purposes	68
5167114302	why were teachers/scholars so highly regarded	they took the time to learn a lot of symbols, which was difficult	69
5167114303	early chinese writing was based on-----	pictographs	70
5167114304	what was an early/basic religion in china	animism	71
5167114305	what is animisim	the belief that the whole world/inanimate objects are inhabited by spirits	72
5167114306	what contributions were made by the Shang dynasaty	bronze age, decimal system, chopsticks	73
5167114307	when was ancestral worship established?	During the Shang dynasty	74
5167114308	what was ancestral worship	praying to/asking advice from one's ancestors	75
5167114309	when was the Zhou dynasty	1027-256 BCE	76
5167114310	what was the second chinese dynasty	the Zhou dynasty	77
5167114311	what new concept was introduced that allowed the Zhou dynasty to overthrow the Shang dynasty	Mandate of Heaven	78
5167114312	what did the mandate of heaven state	right to rule came fro the heavens, if a ruler was bad, the people have the right to overthrow them	79
5167114313	who overthrew the Shang dynasty	Wu Wang	80
5167114314	what was the capital of the Zhou dynasty	Xi'An	81
5167114315	how long did the Zhou dynasty last	900 years	82
5167114316	when was a feudal state developed	during the Zhou dynasty	83
5167114317	what was one way that chinese ethnocentrism was displayed	the chinese always put china in the middle of their world maps, china was the most important to them	84
5167114318	what is the basic setup of feudalism	land is given from the king to nobles in exchange for their allegiance/soldiers	85
5167114319	was feudalism a strong form of gevernment	no, the monarch had no real power and it ended in chaos	86
5167114320	what problems were caused by the large size of empires	transportation/communication issues	87
5167114321	how was the downfall of feudalism brought about	lords refused to listen to central government, land falls into warfare among lords	88
5167114322	what establishments supported agricultural comminuties	manor systems	89
5167114323	what followed the downfall of feudalism	the period of the Warring States	90
5167114324	how long did the period of warring states last	300 years	91
5167114325	who was a well known warlord during the period of warring states	Hu the Tiger	92
5167114326	what were the three major philosophies brought on by the end of the Warring States	Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism	93
5167114327	who was the founder of confucianism	confucius	94
5167114328	when did Confucius live	551-479 BCE	95
5167114329	what were the 6 principles of confucianism	-lead a good life without worrying about death -what you don't want done to yourself, don't do to others -live life in the middle way--practice moderation -observe the five relationships -respect your ancestors -rulers should be good--good governments depend on their rulers having good characters	96
5167114330	what are the five relationships of confucianism	-ruler/subject -father/son -husband/wife -brother/brother -friend/friend	97
5167114331	what was the book of Confucius's teachings	the Analects	98
5167114332	what did "daoism" mean	dao--the way	99
5167114333	who founded daoism	Lao Tzu	100
5167114334	what did Daoism teach	live life in harmony with nature, live a simple life	101
5167114335	what does Yin and Yang mean	balance	102
5167114336	what does Yin mean	earth, female, passive, dark, cold	103
5167114337	what does Yang mean	heaven, male, active, light, heat	104
5167114338	what is the Daoist view on government	the less government, the better	105
5167114339	what was alchemy seeking to discover	the elixir of life, eternal life	106
5167114340	who was a famous daoist	a. a. milne	107
5167114341	what was the basis of Legalism	wants a powerful government--a ruler should govern, people should obey	108
5167114342	what was the third chinese dynasty	the Qin dynasty	109
5167114343	who was the 'first emporer'	Shi Hvangdi	110
5167114344	how did Shi Hvangdi come into power	legalism	111
5167114345	what form of government did the Qin dynasty utilize	Centralized bureaucracy	112
5167114346	what did the Qin dynasty accomplish	mass standardization of laws/currencies/weights/measures/systems of writing	113
5167114347	how long is the great wall of china	1400 miles	114
5167114348	what giant infrastructure was completed during the Qin dynasty	the Great Wall of China	115
5167114349	how did the Qin dynasty improve transportation	a road system was established	116
5167114350	Shi Hvangdi was buried with----	8000+ terracotta soldiers	117
5167114351	what was the legalist view on humanity	humans were inherently bad, needed strong rulers to keep from destroying each other	118
5167114352	what brought forth the end of the Qin dynasty	unhappy/repressed peasants	119
5167114353	what was the five class hierarchy	-scholars -farmers -artisans -merchants -soldiers/thieves/plunderers	120
5167114354	why were scholars on the top of the social hierarchy	it takes a lot of work/dedication to become a scholar	121
5167114355	why were farmers second in the social hiercarchy	farmers produced what was necessary for human life (ie food)	122
5167114356	why were artisans third in the social hierchary	artisans created not what was necessary, but what was useful/enjoyed	123
5167114357	why were merchants fourth in the social hierarchy	merchants don't create anything by themselves	124
5167114358	why were soldiers/thieves/plunderers fifth in the social hierarchy	they destroyed what others provided	125