Ap World History Unit 1 Flashcards

2821332011	Epic of Gilgamesh	A story that recounts the adventures of the hero "Gilgamesh" and his cherished friend Enkidu as they sought fame	0
2821339631	Semitic Migrants	Nomadic herders who went to Mesopotamia from the Arabian and Syrian deserts to the south and west	1
2821341833	Sumerian City-States	Centers of political and military authority. Also cultural centers where priests maintained organized and scribes developed traditions of writing and formal education	2
2821350465	Sumerian Kings	Leader of the Sumerian peoples. Normally ruled in cooperation with local nobles.	3
2821358442	Sargon of Akkad	The creator of empire in Mesopotamie	4
2821361560	Hammurabi and the Babylonian Empire	Hammurabi refered to himself as "king of the four quarters of the world". Him & his empire (Babylonians) dominated Mesopotamia until about 1600BCE	5
2821367086	Hammurabi's laws	Set of rules that Hammurabi claimed the Gods personally gave to him	6
2821378249	lex talionis	"law of retaliation" offenders suffered punishments resembling their actions "eye for an eye"	7
2821380541	The Assyrian Empire	People from northern Mesopotamia who had built a compact state in the Tigris River valley	8
2821389067	Nebuchadnezzar	King that ruled New Babylonian empire. Reigned 605-562BCE	9
2821393955	New Babylonian Empire	occupied 850 hectares and the city had thick defensive walls	10
2821396751	Bronze Metallurgy	4000 BCE from copper and tin, improved military equipment, agricultural knives, plows	11
2821400258	Iron Metallurgy	1000 BCE used iron, replaced bronze b/c bronze was too expensive	12
2821401637	The Wheel	3500 BCE first used wheels, used for carts, wagons and long distance travels,,	13
2821404069	Shipbuilding	3500 BCE built first ships to trade overseas	14
2821405514	Trade Networks	By 2300BCE Sumerians were trading regularly with merchants of Harapan society in the Indus River valley	15
2821412877	Social classes	a division of a society based on social and economic status, in these times where you were born class wise is where you will most likely die	16
2821419479	Temple Communities	Communities where priest/priestesses play the principal role of intervene with the Gods to ensure good fortune for their communities.	17
2821432914	Slaves	either prisoners of war, convicted criminals, and heavily indebted individuals that sold themselves to slavery to satisfy their obligations	18
2821437044	Patriarchal Society	Men ruled as kings, and made decisions about policies and public affairs rested almost entirely in men's hands	19
2821443142	Women's Roles	Had subordinate legal status, However some women wielded great power as high priestesses, obtained higher education, and perused careers (midwifes,shopkeepers,brewers,bakers,etc)	20
2821451066	Cuneiform Writing	a writing system that used conventional signs representing specific words	21
2821456008	Education	most ancient education was vocational instruction designed to train individuals to work specific trades and crafts	22
2821465863	Astronomy and Mathematics	important studies for agricultural societies	23
2821467675	Early Hebrews	pastoral nomads who inhabited lands between Mesopotamia and Egypt in second millennium BCE	24
2821476374	Settlement in Palestine	1300BCE branch of Hebrews departed under the following of Moses and went to Palestine	25
2821479440	Moses	the Hebrew prophet who led the Israelites from Egypt across the Red sea on a journey known as the Exodus	26
2821485964	Monotheism	The that there is only one God	27
2821489789	Assyrian	known as a warrior people who ruthlessly conquered neighboring countries; their empire stretched from east to north of the Tigris River all the way to centeral Egypt; used ladders, weapons like iron-tipped spears, daggers and swords, tunnels, and fearful military tactics to gain strength in their empire	28
2821492319	Phoenicians	located on eastern Mediterranean coast; invented the alphabet which used sounds rather than symbols like cuneiform	29
2821498490	Phoenician Trade Networks	traded overland with Mesopotamian and they provided much of the cedar timber,furnishings,and decorative items that went into Israelites' in Jerusalem	30
2821516302	Alphabetic Writing	alphabetic script that consisted of 22 symbols representing consonants-had no symbols for vowels	31
2821523465	Indo-European Migrations	Peoples from southern Russia that migrated to India as well as Europe and distributed language	32
2821524356	Horses	Indo-European speaker domesticated horses about 4000BCE. Originally used them as a source of food but eventually began riding them	33
2821528456	Hittites	people from central Anatolia who established an empire in Anatolia and Syria in the Late Bronze Age.	34
2821534240	War Chariots	construction of light, horse drawn chariots greatly strengthened their own society and influenced other peoples throughout solid wooden wheels	35
2821547632	Nile River Valley	fertile land in North Africa near the Nile River	36
2821550722	Menes	A general who conquered all of Egypt and brought it under unified rule. (First Pharaoh)	37
2821552855	Kush	A powerful kingdom established in Nubia. It was developed in order to protect Nubia from Egyptian imperialism.	38
2821555058	The Middle Kingdom	A period of time in Egypt when the pharaoh was abolished by foreigners	39
2821556827	Hyksos	people who invaded Egypt during the Middle Kingdom. They abolished the pharaoh and instituted a rag-tag government that was overthrown by rebellion.	40
2821558779	New Kingdom	period in Egypt in which Egypt had a phase of expansion and imperialism. The pharaoh was reinstated.	41
2821562701	Hieroglyphic	ancient Egyptian writing system in which pictures were used to represent ideas and sounds	42
2821566768	Mummification	Egyptian burial for pharaohs and few nobles. The coffin is then placed in a pyramid to help the pharaoh reach the afterlife	43
2821570304	Nubia	state to the south of Egypt that never became as powerful as Egypt due to their un-unified rule	44
2821571432	Bantu	The people who originated in central west Africa. They migrated across southern Africa, all the while establishing small and diverse communities.	45
2821573587	Amon	One of the two primary gods of Egypt. Fused with Re to form a cult. God of the sun, fertility, and creation	46
2821575511	Re	One of the two central gods of Egypt. Also associated with the sun.	47
2821576651	Upper Egypt	Southern half of Egypt that connects Egypt to Nubia	48
2821577984	Osiris	man of legend who became lord of immortality, the underworld, and death after his brother killed him.	49