AP WORLD HISTORY Flashcards

5474568767	Capitalism	economic system; based on open competition in a free market	0
5474574399	Urbanization	natural growth of increasing efficiencies in farming and agriculture	1
5474577437	Standard of Living	standard family was middle class, happy, healthy: made them productive and loyal	2
5474579308	Louis Pasteur	French scientist who discovered germ and disease had relations, led to better sanitation	3
5474584109	Edward Jenner	English physician, discovered cowpox which conferred immunity for smallpox	4
5474586715	Henry Bessemer	built the blast furnace which produced steal in large amounts, cheaply	5
5474593020	Redistribution	any process that relocated household income, such as Taxation and inflation	6
5474598911	Eli Whitney	An American inventor who invented the cotton gin; contributed to interchangeable parts	7
5474602822	James Watt	created a steam engine in the 1770's that could be used in many industries for production	8
5474607050	James Hargreaves	Man who invented the spinning jenny; beginning of machines doing man's work	9
5474612767	Spinning Jenny	early machine with more than one spindle	10
5474614822	Raw materials	the basic material made from a plant	11
5474616298	Cottage Industries	independent women are the laborers(Normally), small scale industries that can be done in home such as weaving, sewing, and carving	12
5474620910	Enclosure Movement	starting prior to the industrial revolution; the fencing of pasture land	13
5474622811	Textile	a type of cloth or woven fabric	14
5474627838	Industrial revolution	the change from an agricultural to industrial societies; from home production to factory production especially in England from 1750 to 1850	15
5474631307	Spheres of Influences	geographical area in which one nation is very influential	16
5474634930	Protectorates	also known as the puppet nation; when one country's foreign affairs are controlled by another	17
5474638260	Colonies	a country or area under the full or partial political control of another country, typically a distant one, and occupied by settlers from that country	18
5474643257	Franco Prussian War	German war with France that ended the with the defeat of France and Germany being unified into a single state under Prussia	19
5474644904	Prussia	German state that led the way to creating economic, military, and political unity among the German states	20
5474648769	Realpolitik	also known as realistic politics; power more important than principle; ends means of justification	21
5474911599	Otto Von Bismarck	prime minister of of Prussia with conservative views architect of German unification in 1871 under the Prussian king; maintained political stability with liberal reforms	22
5474917654	Papal States	powerful states ruled by the pope; later would become Italy	23
5474919244	Giuseppe Garibaldi	leader of Guerrillas who defeated the army of the kingdom of sicilies	24
5474924216	Count Cavour	also known as count camillo di Cavour; architect in Italy in 1815; created a constitutional Italian monarch under the king of Piedmont	25
5474933329	Congress of Vienna	met in 1815 after defeat of France to restore the European balance of powers	26
5474936052	Conservation	political view from Europe in the 19th century; wanted restoration of monarchy and the church; opposed revolutionary views	27
5474938855	Liberalism	political ideology that stressed limited government, government representation of the people, urged importance of parliament and the constitution; western Europe during the 19th century	28
5474941327	Napoleonic Code	civil code made by Napoleon used to grant equality to male citizens before laws were made to secure wealth and property	29
5474943982	Nationalism	the loyalty the people have to their traditions, cultures, geographic territory, ethnicity, & ideas of rule	30
5474949018	Adam Smith	Scottish Economist; advocated private enterprise and free trade	31
5474949019	Socialism	political and economic theory; social organization that advocates production, distribution, and exchange means should be owned and regulated by the community	32
5474951627	Communism	A theory of social organization based on the holding of property but the ownership is the community's as a whole	33
5474951628	Karl Marx	German Socialist; saw history as a class struggle between groups of power and control of production	34
5474954927	Friedrich Engels	German Communist; helped Karl Marx with writing the Communist Manifesto	35
5474957212	Redistribution of Weath	a concept of socialism; the transfer of income and wealth from some individual to others	36
5474957213	Child Labor	using children to do work in industries or businesses	37
5474958841	Harsh	cruel or unpleasantly rough	38
5474958842	Lobbied	tried to influence the action of other due to your beliefs	39
5474961378	Labor Union	group of employees that bargain with their employer	40