AP World History Chapter 12 Flashcards

5527958209	Ferdinand Magellan	Columbus inspired WHO to circumnavigate the globe a few years after his first journey?	0
5527961230	circumnavigate	Columbus inspired Ferdinand Magellan to begin his quests to _____________ the globe.	1
5527967718	free market	In a _______________ economy, the government has almost NO CONTROL.	2
5527977547	supply and demand	Prices of goods are controlled solely on what two factors?	3
5528097060	Africa	The main importance of the Silk Route was that it connected which continent to Europe?	4
5528104616	Indian Ocean	When the Abbasid moved their capital to Baghdad (762), Muslims began to take over and dominate which trade route?	5
5528115465	rats	The Black Plague was spread by what animal on merchant ships?	6
5528122197	30-60%	How much of Europe's population did the Black Plague kill?	7
5528158026	Southeast Asia	Malay is in what region of the world?	8
5528171923	junks	What were the cargo ships made by the Malay called?	9
5528257709	13th	During what century did Indian Muslims start to control more eastern parts of the Indian Ocean?	10
5528333343	religion	Islam encouraged trade because it allowed traders to spread their ___________.	11
5528337747	Europe	Which sailors arrived in the 15th century in the area that Muslisms already dominated?	12
5528451033	1001 Nights	What is Arabian Nights also known as?	13
5528482745	Arabian Nights	What is the name of the collection of stories told to the king by his wife in order for her to stay alive?	14
5528486598	Golden Age (8th-13th Century)	During what age of Islam was the Arabian Nights formed?	15
5528496206	8th - 13th century	What centuries was the Golden Age of Islam?	16
5528582381	1. improvements were made on the Grand Canal 2. agricultural innovations 3. improvements on irrigation 4. the coal and iron industries became more advanced	What were the main factors that led to the trade revolution in the Song Dynasty?	17
5528641923	silk, porcelain, tea, iron	What were the main exports in Song China?	18
5528644433	inflation	Paper money was printed for the first time in 1024, leading to __________ in parts of the empire.	19
5528657449	Zheng He	During the Ming Dynasty, ___________ wanted to expand by land and assert dominance at sea. He embarked on 7 ocean expeditions spanning from 1405-1433. He went all around Southeast Asia, India, and Saudi Arabia.	20
5528665921	Ming	What dynasty sponsored the voyages Zheng He?	21
5528704603	Grand Canal	In 1433, the Ming emperor stopped sponsoring Oceanic expeditions because the extension of the ___________ made international trade unnecessary.	22
5528728785	art, technology, and culture	When the Ming emperor stopped oceanic expeditions, what things diminished (as a result of the lack of outside interaction)?	23
5528777236	seven	How many expeditions did Zheng He make?	24
5528790698	Marco Polo	When __________ came to China (during Mongol Empire), his administrative and diplomatic skills were noticed, so Kublai Khan made him an ambassador and tax collector.	25
5529238373	13th-15th Century	What were the dates of the Mongolian Empire?	26
5529336980	yurts	What is the name of the portable dwellings used by the Mongols and made of skin?	27
5529340226	catapults, gunpowder	Name two weapons of siege warfare that Chinggis Khan mastered from Chinese engineers.	28
5529395341	to unite the Mongols	What was the mission/goal of Chinggis Khan (Temujin)?	29
5529399502	Yuan	When the Mongols conquered the Song Dynasty, they established the __________ Dynasty.	30
5529416262	Ming	What Dynasty overthrew the Mongol's Yuan Dynasty (because the Mongols became so cruel and brutal)?	31
5529438400	roads	The Mongols built lots of ______________, which allowed traders to travel easily. Also, they had Pax Mongolica, which provided safety.	32
5529524489	Ghana, Mali, and Songhai	What were the three main succeeding empires near Timbuktu (Africa)?	33
5529606603	trade	What was the source of power for Ghana, Mali, and Songhai?	34
5529621867	Manda	What was the first major port in East Africa? (ports = a meeting point of ocean trade and local overland trade)	35
5529723898	Great Zimbabwe. Slaves, gold, animal skins	What was the largest developing town in East Africa and what valuable items could be found there?	36
5529738835	Islam	In the 9th century, what people group gained control over trade from the Christian Ethiopians and connected East Africa to the Indian Ocean?	37
5531835130	Cloth, copper, salt	Name three goods that were exported out of Ghana.	38
5531835131	Inflation	What impact did Mansa Musa have from dispensing his gold on his journey to Mecca around 1324?	39
5531850814	Swahili	What was the dominant language of the coastal trade in Africa?	40
5531850815	Camel	The domestication of the _________ made trade possible in sub-Saharan Africa	41
5532105961	Songhai	What was the most important and largest state in Weat Africa?	42
5532105962	1. Education 2. Improvements in Banking 3. Improvements in weights and measurements	What three things was Songhai (west Africa) known for?	43
5532105963	Mesoamerica and the Andes Mountains	What are the geographical locations for the two major trade networks in the Western Hemisphere?	44
5532105964	Incans and Aztecs	What empires controlled the Mexico and South Anerican trade networks?	45
5532105965	No	Were South America and Mexico connected?	46
5532105966	Pochtecas	Guild of traders in Mexico (Aztecs)that regulated long distance trade and gathered goods/military intelligence for ruling families.	47
5532105967	Taxes	Officials in Aztec marketplaces regulated ________, erights and scales	48
5532105968	Gathered goods and military intelligence	What did the Pochtecas do for ruling Aztec families?	49
5546004369	dowagers	In Song China, _____________ were empresses who attended state fairs.	50
5546007570	iron foundries	In Song China, _________________ provided work to lower class with the mass production of iron.	51
5546010577	Mongols	In the Second Great Military Disaster, the ___________ conquered the Song Dynasty after allying with them, ending the Song. :(	52
5546010578	feudal system	What type of government was the Song Dynasty?	53
5546013997	expansion, foreign policies	In the Song Dynasty, there were two seperate dynasties that ruled. Northern Song focused more on ____________ and ______________.	54
5546035178	trade, culture	In Song Dynasty, Southern Song focused moreon _____________ and ____________.	55
5546035733	civil exams policy	What is the policy used in Song China where every government official had to pass an exam to get their position? (used to identify capable people for government administration)	56
5546037948	Neo-confucianism	What was the dominant religion during the Song Dynasty?	57
5626452096	free market economy	In what type of an economy does the government have little control?	58
5626455975	junks	Malay traders flourished using cargo ships called ______________.	59
5626466080	The Great Zimbabwe	What was the large trading post in East Africa called?	60
5626484801	Andes	In what region could vertical trade be found?	61
5626515040	rice	What staple agricultural product during the Song Dynasty that caused population increase?	62
5712121080	made a large empire, revived trade, spread the plague	Name 3 long-term impacts of the Mongolian invasions.	63
5712124816	Karakorum	Genghis Khan established his capital city in ____________, near the center of modern Mongolia.	64
5712130037	Batu	What was the name of Genghis' grandson who successfully attacked Russia?	65
5712139490	true	True or false: Batu ruled Russia indirectly through Russian rulers.	66
5712143105	true	True or false: The Mongolians allowed freedom of religion.	67
5712148272	Hulegu	What was the name of the Mongolian leader who destroyed the Abbasid caliphate in Baghdad?	68
5712156116	China	Kublai Khan conquered and ruled in what area?	69
5712169968	Batu	Who ruled the Golden Horde and conquered Russian kingdoms, forcing them to pay tribute?	70
5712174119	Batu	Who ruled Russia by working through existing Russian rulers and having them pay tribute?	71
5712182044	Hulegu	Who led Mongolian armies against the Abbasid and destroyed Baghdad? (then converted to Islam lmao why)	72
5712202460	White Lotus Society	what group began to organize revolts against the Yuan Dynasty?	73
5712210161	false	True or false: The Mongols were successful in conquering Japan.	74
5727630994	Empress Wu	Who was the Chinese leader who ruled from 665-705 and tried to make Buddhism the official religion? (but failed)	75
5728158119	Pizarro	Who conquered the Inca?	76
5728158120	Cortez	Who conquered the Aztecs?	77
5728161382	Inca	Who used the mita system (mandatory public service)?	78
5728166190	none	Which one of the New World civilizations practiced monotheism?	79
5728171215	Aztec	What civilization built floating gardens which increased food production?	80
5728175878	none	Which one of the New World civilizations used pack animals for agriculture?	81
5728181854	Mississippi Valley	Which civilization built large earthen mounds?	82
5728185953	Toltecs	Which civilization lived in Mesoamerica after the Mayans?	83
5728191308	Aztecs	Which civilization in the New World was a collection of city-states?	84
5728197232	Inca	Which civilization invented the quipu?	85
5728204195	Toltecs	Which civilization had the capital city of Tula?	86
5729182107	silk, porcelain, pepper	name three goods that Zheng He carried on his journeys.	87